spring half term (asia, population, monsoon, glaciers) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the middle east?

A

A geopolitical area consisting of 13 (ish) countries.

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2
Q

Define monsoon

A

A season of prevailing winds

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3
Q

Is warm or cold air heavier?

A

Warm

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4
Q

What holds more water: cold or warm air?

A

Warm

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5
Q

How does monsoon rain happen?

A

1) Land heats up faster than the water causing warm air to rise.
2) This creates a low pressure over the land
3) Moist air from above the sea fills the space the warm air left
4) This air rises, cools & condenses to cause monsoon rain.

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6
Q

Describe the stages of a glacier

A

1) Snow (90% air)
2) Granular snow (50% air)
3) Firn (30-20% air)
4)Glacial ice (20% air)

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7
Q

How do lateral morraines form?

A

Along the side of a glacier, made of weathered material that has fallen from the valley sides above the glacier.

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8
Q

What is a medial morraine?

A

Material deposited in the middle of a glacier, made of two glacier’s lateral morraines when they join.

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9
Q

What is a terminal morraine?

A

Material deposited at the snout (end) of the glacier. Shows where glaciers have extended to in the past.

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10
Q

What is a corrie?

A

A chair shaped valley formed through erosion by glacier.

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11
Q

How does a corrie form?

A

Back gets steeper from freeze thaw weathering, base of corrie becomes deeper due to abrasion.

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12
Q

What is the zone of ablation?

A

Area where snow is removed from the glacier.

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13
Q

What is the zone of accumulation?

A

Area where snow is added to the glacier.

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14
Q

Define plucking

A

Meltwater freezes around a rock and is plucked as the glacier moves.

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15
Q

Define abrasion

A

Rocks at the base scrape against the bedrock

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16
Q

Freeze thaw weathering

A

Water seeps into cracks, freezes and expands.

17
Q

What is basal sliding?

A

Meltwater lubricates the glacier and the land beneath meaning it can flow downhill.

18
Q

What is internal deformation?

A

Gravity and the weight of the ice deforms the ice crystals causing them to slide over eachother.

19
Q

What is bulldozing?

A

Material located at the front of the glacier is pushed downhill by the force of the ice as it is transported.

20
Q

What is the gulf stream?

A

Brings warm water from mexican gulf to england— warms country.

21
Q

What are the three atmospheric circulation cells?

A

Hadley, ferrell & polar.

22
Q

Orbital theory

A

Changes in the earths tilt— determines how much sun the earth gets.

23
Q

Eruption theory

A

Ash and dust block incoming solar rays

24
Q

Asteroid collision theory

A

Sends dirt ash, and dust into air— blocks incoming solar rays.

25
Q

Solar output theory

A

Sun outputs different amount of solar radiation— shown by sunspots.