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Honors Algebra II > Spring Final Vocab > Flashcards

Spring Final Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

a list of numbers with a definite pattern.

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it at any finite distance.

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3
Q

Change of base formula

A

A formula that allows you to rewrite a logarithm in terms of logs written with another base.

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4
Q

Circle

A

a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the center.

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5
Q

Combined variation

A

describes a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others

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6
Q

Common difference

A

The constant difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

Common logarithm

A

a logarithm to the base 10.

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8
Q

Common ratio

A

The constant factor between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

a method used to solve a quadratic equation by changing the form of the equation so that the left side is a perfect square trinomial.

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10
Q

Complex conjugates

A

the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.

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11
Q

Complex fraction

A

a fraction in which numerator, denominator, or both are themselves fractions

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12
Q

Complex number

A

numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number

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13
Q

Composition of functions

A

an operation that takes two functions f and g and produces a function h such that h(x) = g(f(x)).

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14
Q

Compound inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.

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15
Q

Conic section

A

a section (or slice) through a cone

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16
Q

Consistent

A

if there is at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system

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17
Q

Constant of variation

A

the constant (unchanged) ratio of two variable quantities.

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18
Q

Continuous relation

A

if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval.

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19
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

expressed using the variable r, where r is between 1 and –1, inclusive

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the one that depends on the value of some other number.

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21
Q

Dimensions of a matrix

A

the number of rows by the number of columns.

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22
Q

Direct variation

A

describes a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

is the part of the quadratic formula underneath the square root symbol:

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

A curved line forming a closed loop

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25
End behavior
describes the behavior of the graph of the function at the "ends" of the x-axis
26
Exponential equation
equations in which variables occur as exponents
27
Extraneous solution
values that we get when solving equations that aren't really solutions to the equation.
28
Extrema
The smallest and largest values
29
Factor theroem
a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial.
30
Finite sequence
a list of terms in a specific order.
31
Function
A special relationship where each input has a single output.
32
Geometric sequence
A sequence made by multiplying by the same value each time
33
Greatest integer function
a piece wise function whose graph looks like the steps of a staircase.
34
Growth factor
the factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time
35
Hyperbola
an open curve with two branches
36
Identity function
a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument.
37
Imaginary unit
a solution to the quadratic equation x2 + 1 = 0.
38
Inconsistent
If a system has no solution
39
Independent
a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment.
40
Infinite sequence
a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers
41
Interval notation
a way of writing subsets of the real number line
42
Inverse function
a function that undoes the action of the another function.
43
Inverse relation
the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function.
44
Inverse variation
A relationship between two variables in which the product is a constant.
45
Joint variation
when a variable varies directly or inversely with multiple variables.
46
Latus rectum
a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix.
47
Linear programming
a mathematical method that is used to determine the best possible outcome or solution from a given set of parameters or list of requirements, which are represented in the form of linear relationships.
48
Logarithm
the inverse function to exponentiation
49
Logistic growth model
approximately exponential at first, but it has a reduced rate of growth as the output approaches the model's upper bound
50
Matrix
a rectangular array of numbers (or other mathematical objects) for which operations such as addition and multiplication are defined.
51
nth root
used n times in a multiplication to get the original value.
52
Natural logarithm
its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e
53
Negative exponent
repeated division by the base
54
Parabola
a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped
55
Parent function
the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition
56
Piece-wise defined function
defined not by a single equation, but by two or more
57
Point-slope form
the equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1)
58
Quadratic function
one of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are numbers with a not equal to zero.
59
Radicand
The value inside the radical symbol
60
Rate of change
used to mathematically describe the percentage change in value over a defined period of time
61
Rational exponent
an exponent that is a fraction.
62
Rational function
any function which can be defined by a rational fraction
63
Rationalizing the denominator
to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots.
64
Recursive formula
a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
65
Regression line
an estimate of the line that describes the true, but unknown, linear relationship between the two variables.
66
Relative maximum
a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing
67
Relative minimum
all the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood.
68
Root
Where a function equals zero
69
Scatter plot
a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data.
70
Sequence
A list of numbers or objects in a special order.
71
Set-builder notation
a shorthand used to write sets, often for sets with an infinite number of elements
72
Step function
a piece wise constant function, that has only a finite number of pieces.
73
Synthetic division
a shorthand, or shortcut, method of polynomial division in the special case of dividing by a linear factor
74
Vertex form
a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet.
75
vertical line test
a test to see if it is a function or not
76
Zeros
Where a function equals the value zero

Honors Algebra II (1 decks)

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