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Honors Algebra II > Spring Final Vocab > Flashcards

Spring Final Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

a list of numbers with a definite pattern.

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it at any finite distance.

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3
Q

Change of base formula

A

A formula that allows you to rewrite a logarithm in terms of logs written with another base.

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4
Q

Circle

A

a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the center.

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5
Q

Combined variation

A

describes a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others

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6
Q

Common difference

A

The constant difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

Common logarithm

A

a logarithm to the base 10.

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8
Q

Common ratio

A

The constant factor between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

a method used to solve a quadratic equation by changing the form of the equation so that the left side is a perfect square trinomial.

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10
Q

Complex conjugates

A

the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.

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11
Q

Complex fraction

A

a fraction in which numerator, denominator, or both are themselves fractions

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12
Q

Complex number

A

numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number

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13
Q

Composition of functions

A

an operation that takes two functions f and g and produces a function h such that h(x) = g(f(x)).

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14
Q

Compound inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.

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15
Q

Conic section

A

a section (or slice) through a cone

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16
Q

Consistent

A

if there is at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system

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17
Q

Constant of variation

A

the constant (unchanged) ratio of two variable quantities.

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18
Q

Continuous relation

A

if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval.

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19
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

expressed using the variable r, where r is between 1 and –1, inclusive

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the one that depends on the value of some other number.

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21
Q

Dimensions of a matrix

A

the number of rows by the number of columns.

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22
Q

Direct variation

A

describes a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

is the part of the quadratic formula underneath the square root symbol:

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

A curved line forming a closed loop

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25
Q

End behavior

A

describes the behavior of the graph of the function at the “ends” of the x-axis

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26
Q

Exponential equation

A

equations in which variables occur as exponents

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27
Q

Extraneous solution

A

values that we get when solving equations that aren’t really solutions to the equation.

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28
Q

Extrema

A

The smallest and largest values

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29
Q

Factor theroem

A

a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial.

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30
Q

Finite sequence

A

a list of terms in a specific order.

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31
Q

Function

A

A special relationship where each input has a single output.

32
Q

Geometric sequence

A

A sequence made by multiplying by the same value each time

33
Q

Greatest integer function

A

a piece wise function whose graph looks like the steps of a staircase.

34
Q

Growth factor

A

the factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time

35
Q

Hyperbola

A

an open curve with two branches

36
Q

Identity function

A

a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument.

37
Q

Imaginary unit

A

a solution to the quadratic equation x2 + 1 = 0.

38
Q

Inconsistent

A

If a system has no solution

39
Q

Independent

A

a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment.

40
Q

Infinite sequence

A

a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers

41
Q

Interval notation

A

a way of writing subsets of the real number line

42
Q

Inverse function

A

a function that undoes the action of the another function.

43
Q

Inverse relation

A

the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function.

44
Q

Inverse variation

A

A relationship between two variables in which the product is a constant.

45
Q

Joint variation

A

when a variable varies directly or inversely with multiple variables.

46
Q

Latus rectum

A

a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix.

47
Q

Linear programming

A

a mathematical method that is used to determine the best possible outcome or solution from a given set of parameters or list of requirements, which are represented in the form of linear relationships.

48
Q

Logarithm

A

the inverse function to exponentiation

49
Q

Logistic growth model

A

approximately exponential at first, but it has a reduced rate of growth as the output approaches the model’s upper bound

50
Q

Matrix

A

a rectangular array of numbers (or other mathematical objects) for which operations such as addition and multiplication are defined.

51
Q

nth root

A

used n times in a multiplication to get the original value.

52
Q

Natural logarithm

A

its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e

53
Q

Negative exponent

A

repeated division by the base

54
Q

Parabola

A

a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped

55
Q

Parent function

A

the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition

56
Q

Piece-wise defined function

A

defined not by a single equation, but by two or more

57
Q

Point-slope form

A

the equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1)

58
Q

Quadratic function

A

one of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are numbers with a not equal to zero.

59
Q

Radicand

A

The value inside the radical symbol

60
Q

Rate of change

A

used to mathematically describe the percentage change in value over a defined period of time

61
Q

Rational exponent

A

an exponent that is a fraction.

62
Q

Rational function

A

any function which can be defined by a rational fraction

63
Q

Rationalizing the denominator

A

to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots.

64
Q

Recursive formula

A

a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)

65
Q

Regression line

A

an estimate of the line that describes the true, but unknown, linear relationship between the two variables.

66
Q

Relative maximum

A

a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing

67
Q

Relative minimum

A

all the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood.

68
Q

Root

A

Where a function equals zero

69
Q

Scatter plot

A

a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data.

70
Q

Sequence

A

A list of numbers or objects in a special order.

71
Q

Set-builder notation

A

a shorthand used to write sets, often for sets with an infinite number of elements

72
Q

Step function

A

a piece wise constant function, that has only a finite number of pieces.

73
Q

Synthetic division

A

a shorthand, or shortcut, method of polynomial division in the special case of dividing by a linear factor

74
Q

Vertex form

A

a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet.

75
Q

vertical line test

A

a test to see if it is a function or not

76
Q

Zeros

A

Where a function equals the value zero

Honors Algebra II (1 decks)

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