Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OMM > Spring 2 > Flashcards

Spring 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lower half of body sequence

A 
Leg restrictors
Pubes
Superior innominate Upslip (shear)
Lumbar Spine
Sacrum
Innominate
Iliopsoas
Lower Extremity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the leg restrictors

A
  1. ILIOPSOAS*
  2. QUADRICEPS
  3. PIRIFOFORMIS
  4. HAMSTRING
  5. ADDUCTORS
  6. ABDUCTORS
  7. QUADRATUS LUMBORUM*
  8. GLUTEUS MEDIUS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What structures that are NOT leg restrictures can also influence the lumbar-sacral-pelvic region?

A
  1. Rectus abdominus
  2. Diaphragm
  3. Multifidus
  4. Iliolumbar ligament
  5. Sacrotuberous ligament
  6. Sacrospinous ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the position/motion of the tibia?

A

Anterimedial and posteriolateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the position/motion of the fibula?

A

anterior and posterior glide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the position/motion of the talus?

A

anterior and posterior plantar/dorsiflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the position/motion of the subtalus

A

Inversion/eversion glide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the position/motion of the navicular

A

Medial and inferior glide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the position/motion of the cuboid

A

lateral and inferior glide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the position/motion of the cuneiforms

A

plantar position. plantar inferior glide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the position/motion of the metatarsals

A

adduction, abduction, plantar/dorsiflextion, rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the lower extremity scan sequence?

A 
Knee
  Internal/External Tibial torsion
  Fibular Head 
Midshaft
  Interosseous
Ankle/Foot
  Talus
  Subtalar
  Tarsal
  Metatarsal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In addition to anterior and posterior motion of the fibula which oblique motion is correlated correctly?

A

anterior and medial (dorsiflexion)

posterior and lateral (plantarflexion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the direction of the angle of a valgus joint?

A

Medial (in valgus, the extremity distal to the joint is lateral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Importance of common fibular nerve.

A

Wraps around posterior part of fibula
Sensitive to trauma, fracture or posterior fibular head dysfunction
Injury at knee can produce weakness of dorsiflexors and foot drop (supplies (motor) anterior–deep fibular-and lateral—superficial fibular– compartment of the leg, sensation to anterolateral leg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Importance of common tibial nerve

A

Posterior compartment of the leg

Muscles of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Generally disrupted in ankle inversion or supination sprain

A

Grade I –anterior talofibular
Grade II –add calcaneofibular
Grade III– all lateral ligments torn
(Anerior talofibular, Posterior talofibular, Calcaneofibular ligament)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anterior tendons of the foot

A 
Anterior Tibialis Tendon
   Supports transverse arch
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallicus Longus
“Tom, Dick, and Harry”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tendons Posterior to Lateral Malleolus

A

Fibularis Brevis
Fibularis Longus
Supports transverse arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Longitudinal Arches of foot

A

Lateral
Calcaneus, cuboid, and metatarsals 4 and 5
Medial
Talus, navicular, three cuneiforms, metatarsals 1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Transverse Arch of foot

A

Cuboid, navicular, three cuneiforms, and metatarsal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Plantar Ligament Support

A

Plantar Aponeurosis
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Spring ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Subtalar joint

A
  • Talocalcaneal joint
  • Stabilized by talocalcaneal ligament
  • Moves anteromedially with calcaneal eversion and posterolaterally with calcaneal inversion and articlulates with tarsal bones
  • Main shock absorbing joint in running
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Intertarsal joints

A

Chopart’s joints

Talonavicular, cuboidocalcaneal, talocalcaneal (small)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Gliding motions at the knee

A

Lateral/Medial
Anterior/Posterior
Anteromedial (EXT rot)/Posterolateral (INT rot)
Fibular head motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Postural Decompensation

A

“when an individual’s homeostatic mechanisms are overwhelmed or when the degree of pathological change becomes structurally incapable of resisting gravitational force”

27
Q

Upper crossed syndrome

A 
Forward head posture
Straitening of cervical lordosis
Extension of upper cervical spine
Increased kyphosis at cervicothoracic
	junction
Internal rotation of the shoulder girdle
28
Q

Lower Crossed Syndrome

A 
Anterior pelvic tilt
Increased lumbar lordosis
Hypermobility of L4-5/L5-S1 levels
Decreased ability to sit up
Decreased forward bending
29
Q

Names for scoliosis curves

A

Levoscoliosis: C curve
Dextroscoliosis: backwards C curve

30
Q

What is a cobb angle?

A

Line across top of superior vertebra of curve
Line across bottom of inferior vertebra of curve
Perpendicular lines off both lines
Angle of intersection is Cobb angle
Need at least 10 ° Cobb angle to diagnose scoliosis.

31
Q

Risser grade for scoliosis. The higher the Risser grade, the less likely the curve is to progress

A 
Grade 1: 25% ossification
Grade 2: 50% ossification
Grade 3: 75% ossification
Grade 4: 100% ossification
Grade 5: fusion of ossified epiphysis to the
32
Q

Treatment for Severe Scoliosis

A 
Consider surgery
Cobb angle +50◦:
Compromises respiratory function
Cobb angle +75◦:
Compromises cardiovascular function
33
Q

Short leg syndrome

A

Sacral base unlevel
Anterior innominate
(side of short leg/opposite sidebending of spine to cause a relative lengthening of the short leg)
Pelvic side shift
(away from short leg/toward side bending of spine)
Internal rotation of long leg
Pronation of foot of long leg

34
Q

Leg length discrepancy treatment

A

Heel Lift: Dynamic Ongoing Assessment & Adjustments
“Fragile Patient” (arthritic, elderly, acute pain) – begin with 1/16in lift and lift no more than 1/16in every 2 weeks

If spine is flexible & no more than mild-to-moderate strain is noted in the myofascial system, begin with 1/8in lift and lift at rate no faster than 1/16 in per week, or 1/8in every 2 weeks

If recent & sudden loss of leg length on one side (ie. Fx, surgery, lift full amount that was lost)

Max lift in shoe is 1/4in. If more lift is needed, must add it to the outside of the shoe

35
Q

Psoas syndrome on the left

A

OMT Assessment
Body Flexed at waist & SB Left
R Pelvic Shift
L foot everted
L psoas Spasm with restricted hip extension
Sacrum rotated on L oblique axis
R Piriformis spasm with Pain radiating down R leg to his knee

36
Q

Posture

A

the distribution of body mass in relation to gravity over a base of support”

37
Q

Postural balance

A

Continual adaptation of muscular tone in response to gravitational influences intrinsic and extrinsic factors

38
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

bone remodels over time in response to the stresses placed upon it

39
Q

Scoliosis definition

A

“Scoliosis is the presence of 1 or more lateral rotatory curves of the spine in the coronal plane. Although defined as a side-to-side deformity, it is a 3-dimensional (3D) rotational deformity.” (Rajiah, 2013).

40
Q

Short leg syndrome

A

Sacral base unlevel
Anterior innominate
(side of short leg/opposite sidebending of spine to cause a relative lengthening of the short leg)
Pelvic side shift
(away from short leg/toward side bending of spine)
Internal rotation of long leg
Pronation of foot of long leg

41
Q

What are the attachments of the scapula?

A

Serratus Anterior, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor, Trapezius, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres Minor, Teres Major, Deltoid, Pectoralis Minor, Coracobrachialis, Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Omohyoid

42
Q

What are the six motions of the scapula? What muscles are responsible?

A

Protraction of scapula: Serratus Anterior
Retraction of the scapula: Trapezius, Rhomboid Major and Minor
Upward Rotation: Serratus Anterior
Downward Rotation: Rhomboids, Serratus Anterior
Depression of the scapula: Trapezius, Pectoralis Minor
Elevation of the scapula: Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, rhomboids

43
Q

Benefits of cervical HVLA

A 
Relief of acute neck pain
Reduction subacute or chronic neck pain
Short-term relief of tension headache
Relief of cervicogenic headache
Relief of acute migraine symptoms
44
Q

Potential harm of cervical HVLA

A

Vertebrobasilar accident

Natural spontaneous occurrence rate nearly twice that associated with cervical HVLA

45
Q

Path of vertebral artery

A 
Enters C-spine between TP of C6-7
Exits superior to TP of C1
Turns posterior over posterior arch of atlas C1
Enters foramen magnum
Forms Basilar Artery
Bony protection of Artery
Extension can “kink” artery
46
Q

What should you avoid when working on the cervical spine?

A

Overextension!!

47
Q

Absolute contraindications for cervical HVLA

A

Osteoporosis/Osteomyelitis/Fracture

Rheumatoid Arthritis/Downs

48
Q

Relative contraindications for cervical HVLA

A 
Acute Whiplash
Pregnancy
Post OP
Herniated Disk
Anticoagulants
Vertebral Artery Ischemia
49
Q

HVLA set up

A 
-MCP contact on side of restriction
Flex to segment
Slightly extend at and above segment
-rotate into restriction, side bend ease OR opposite. 
Quick thrust
50
Q

Normal HVLA direction of force for C2-7

A

AA- Rotational Thrust
C2-4-Rotary Thrust
C4-7- Side Bending Thrust

51
Q

Movement at the OA

A

Sidebending and rotation to opposite sides

Main motion is flexion/extension

52
Q

Chin flexion test

A 
Chin left
Left rotation
Right sidebending
L condyle moves back
R condyle stuck

ESrightRleft

Chin right
Right rotation
Left sidebending
R condyle moves back
L condyle stuck

ESleftRright

53
Q

Chin extension test

A 
Chin left
Left rotation
Right sidebending
Right condyle moves forward
Left condyle stuck

FSrightRleft

With restriction in extension, rotation is to the side of the stuck condyle

54
Q

Upper crossed syndrome: tonic muscles

A

Upper trap
Levator scapulae
Pec minor

55
Q

Upper crossed syndrome: phasic muscles

A

Middle and lower trap
Rhomboids
Serratus anterior

56
Q

Lower crossed syndrome: tonic muscles

A 
Iliopsoas
Erector spinae
Hamstrings
Adductors
Quadratus lumborum
57
Q

Lower crossed syndrome: phasic muscles

A

Vastus medialis/lateralis
Tibialis anterior
gluteal muscles
rectus abdominus

58
Q

Seven steps of the spencer technique

A

Preparatory Techniques: “Milking” and “figure 8”

1) Elbow Flexed: Extend & Flex at Shoulder
2) Elbow Extended: Extend & Flex at Shoulder
3) Elbow Flexed: Abducted Circumduction
4) Elbow Extended: Abducted Circumduction
5) Elbow Flexed (grasp physician’s forearm): External Rotation/Adduction
6) Elbow Flexed (Dorsal surface of palm contacts back): Abduction/Internal Rotation
7) Stretching and cooling down: “Milking” and “figure 8”

59
Q

Placement for lumbar HVLA

A

Posterior TP down on table.

60
Q

Postural analysis posterior

A 
Mastoid process
Shoulders
Inferior angles of scapula
Iliac crest
Popliteal Crease
61
Q

Postural analysis side body

A 
External Auditory Meatus
Lateral head of humerus
Body of L3
Greater trochanter
Middle of tibial plateau
Anterior aspect of lateral malleolus
62
Q

Tonic muscles definition

A

muscles that function as stabilizers by constantly keeping a low tone and when dysfunctional become hypertonic from excess stimulation (postural muscles)

63
Q

Phasic muscles definition

A

muscles that function as mobilizers and only function for a short period of time; when dysfunctional become weak due to inhibition (phasic muscles)

64
Q

Scoliosis definition

A

Scoliosis is the presence of 1 or more lateral rotatory curves of the spine in the coronal plane. Although defined as a side-to-side deformity, it is a 3-dimensional (3D) rotational deformity.

OMM (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions