spread of infection Flashcards
what is an infection?
a disease caused by microorganisms
what are the 5 signs of acute inflammation?
redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function
what does the infection outcome depend on?
virulence, host defence, local anatomy, treatment
what may affect immune status?
age, stress, pregnancy, pathology, nutritional state, drug therapies
what types of odontogenic infection are there?
pulpitis, caries, periapical periodontitis, periodontal abscess, pericoronitis, osteomyelitis
in what order do you manage infection?
control infection and pain, remove cause, review and consider referral
what does a completely discoloured tooth suggest?
suggests loss of vitality and bacterial toxins engrossing into dentinal tubules
what is the correct treatment for an abscess with a poor blood supply?
drainage and removal of cause
what method do we use to drain soft tissue abscesses?
hiltons method
why use blunt dissection for soft tissue and extra oral abscesses?
to break up locals of pus
name 3 supportive measures for infection?
monitor fluid intake rest and diet
why is metronidazole usually the antibiotic of choice for abscesses?
usually anaerobic bacteria
what is cellulitis?
diffuse inflammation of the soft tissues that is not circumscribed to the one area but tends to spread through tissues spaces along fascial planes
fascial tissue planes
primary maxillary spaces
primary mandibular spaces
cervical fascial planes
what would periapical infection of an upper canine present like?
infraorbital swelling with inability to move eye, high fever, pain around eyes, fatigue and possible vision loss
what may untreated infection in the canine space result in?
meningitis, sepsis etc
what would infection of the buccal space present as clinically?
cheek swelling
what would infection in the infra temporal space present like clinically?
severe trismus, bulging of temporals and cavernous sinus thrombosis
what does the cavernous sinus contain?
internal carotid, abducence nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, trigeminal 1+2
what would infection in the submittal space present like clinically?
firm swelling under chin and discomfort on swallowing
what would infection in the submandibular space look like clinically?
firm swelling in that region and truisms
what would infection in the sublingual space look like?
intra-oral swelling - FOM
what are the cervical fascial spaces?
lateral pharyngeal space, prevertibral space, retropharyngeal space
what is ludwig angina?
severe cellulitis involving submandibular, submittal and sublingual spaces
what are the symptoms of ludwig angina?
board like swelling of FOM causing truisms and dysphagia, glottal oedema and mediastinitis
