Spread of infection Flashcards
upper tooth abscess:
1) what are the places it typically spreads to?
- buccal spread
- spread into maxillary sinus
- spread through palate to tongue
- spread into mouth
what do you call infection into maxillary sinus?
sinusitis
why is palatal spread not as likely and why is it sore and w?
what teeth is most associated to this?
abscess breaking through bone is less likely as bone is more dense looks to break through bone of least resistance.
sore because it stretches much
molar, premolar or lateral incisor (because root very palatally formed)
what are symptoms of spread into mouth?
- Bad taste
- bubble forming every now and then which bursts
why is buccal spread not sore?
as there is room to stretch
when are sublingual and submandibular abscesses formed and what is more common and more risk and what can happen with these kind of spreads?
- sublingual if superior to mylohyoid muscle. more common because bone thinner
- below mylohyoid muscle it goes submandibular more serious and problematic than sublingual
- mylohyoid not continous so spreads in either side of mylohyoid line can spread to the opposing side
what are all the posterior potential spaces?
what are they collectively known as?
what will patient experience?
- superficial temporal space
- infratemporal space
- pterygomandibular space
- masseteric space
-mastacatory spaces
- pt will have spasms of these muscles so will present with very severe trismus
when can spread go into base of skull or mediastinum?
what could happen if this happens?
what could happen especially in mediastinum?
- if it spreads into lateral pharynegal space, retropharyngeal space or prevertebral space
- cause an abscess in brain
- cardiac tamponade
how could cavernous sinus thrombosis be cause in lower jaw and upper jaw?
- lower jaw - if infections spreads into infratermporal space and into lateral pharyngeal space and into pterygoid plexus which could get into veins and reach cavernous sinus. (veins are valveless so blood can flow in both directions)
- upper jaw - spreads into infraorbital space veins are valvless and communicates with cavernous sinus
where do infections spread to in upper anterior teeth?
upper lateral incisor?
upper premolars and molars?
lower anteriors?
lower premolars and molars?
- lip, nasolabial region, lower eyelid
- palate which is less common than space
- cheeck, infra-temporal region, maxillary antrum (rare), palate (less common)
- Mental and Submental Space
- Buccal Space
Submasseteric Space
Sublingual Space
Submandibular Space
Lateral Pharyngeal Space
what happens if infection above muscles?
swelling in infra orbital region?
- spread into soft tissues
- causes partial closing of eye and lose naso labial fold
what is biggest worry for a submandibular spread?
and what is treatment?
- could spread backwards to submasseteric space or pterygomandibular space or lateral pharyngeal space and keep going back
- extracting tooth isnt only treatment need to excise and drain also
when is there no cause for antibiotic therapy and when is there cause?
- no cause if removed cause, drained all sites of pus and pt not systemically unwell
- if systemically unwell and look for SIRS
raised temp
raise HR
white blood cell count
raised resp rate
could check 3 on the chair
for an extra oral incision an drainage
- what is best way to drain
- what must you beware of
- what is common rule
- stick finger in hole
- marginal mandibular branch when working mandible
- rule is you go 2 finger widths below lower border mandible
what do you call combo of blood and pus?
sero sangunest
what spread is this
infraorbital
what spread is this
submental
what spread is this
submandibular
what technique is this
hilton technique
