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IGCSE > Sports studies chp 8 & 9 > Flashcards

Sports studies chp 8 & 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Define ability

A

The qualities and characteristics a person is born with that allow a person to learn or acquire a skill

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2
Q

Define skill

A

A learned and practised ability that brings about the result that you want to achieve with maximum certainty and efficiency

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3
Q

What are the 8 factors that affect the level of skill obtained

A
  1. Age and maturity
  2. Arousal conditions
  3. Facilities
  4. Environment
  5. Culture
  6. Motivation
  7. Anxiety
  8. Teaching and coaching
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4
Q

What are the 6 main characteristics of a skilled performance

A
  1. Accuracy
  2. Consistency
  3. Fluency
  4. Coordination
  5. Goal directed
  6. Aesthetically pleasing
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5
Q

What are gross skills

A

How we move

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6
Q

What are cognitive skills

A

How we think and make decisions

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7
Q

What are perceptual skills

A

How we visualise and anticipate things

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8
Q

What are the different type of skills

A
  1. Basic/complex
  2. Gross/fine
  3. Open/closed
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9
Q

What are basic skills

A

simple skills such as throwing, catching and running

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10
Q

What are complex skills

A

More difficult skills that require a higher level of coordination and concentration

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11
Q

What are closed skills

A

Skills that are not affected by the environment or the performers within it

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12
Q

What are open skills

A

Skills that are affected by the environment where the performer has to adjust to the situation

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13
Q

What are gross skills

A

Movements that use large muscle groups to produce big and powerful movements

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14
Q

What are fine skills

A

Precise movements that require high levels of accuracy and technique

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15
Q

What are the 4 stages of the information processing model

A

Input -> Decision making -> Output -> Feedback

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16
Q

What is short-term memory

A

system for storing a small amount of information for a brief period

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17
Q

What is long-term memory

A

Memory store that can hold vast amounts of information for a long period

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18
Q

What is limited channel capacity

A

the idea that our brains can only process a certain amount of information at once

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19
Q

What is single channel capacity

A

When receiving many stimuli from the environment, the brain can only deal with one stimulus at a time

20
Q

What are the 3 stages of learning

A
  1. Cognitive
  2. Associative
  3. Autonomous
21
Q

What is the cognitive stage

A

The start of learning a skill

22
Q

What is the associative stage

A

Still have many mistakes but less that cognitive stage

23
Q

What is the autonomous stage

A

Mistakes are very rare

24
Q

What are the 4 types of feedback

A

intrinsic, Extrinsic, Knowledge of performance, Knowledge of results

25
Q

What is intrinsic feedback

A

Information that comes from within to do with emotions thoughts and muscles

26
Q

What is extrinsic feedback

A

information that comes from an external source

27
Q

What is knowledge of results

A

Knowing your score time and distance which allows you to judge how well u have done

28
Q

what is knowledge of performance

A

Analysing your quality of movement of use of technique

29
Q

what are the 4 types of guidance

A

visual, verbal, manual, and mechanical

30
Q

What is visual guidance

A

What you see: Watching videos or seeing a demonstration

31
Q

What is verbal guidance

A

What you are told: A coach may use words to explain things

32
Q

What is manual guidance

A

What supports you: A coach can physically move you around to make your movements precise

33
Q

What is mechanical guidance

A

What you feel: When you are receiving from equipment as you learn a skill

34
Q

What does each letter mean in the goal setting thing ‘SMARTER’

A

S- Specific
M- Measurable
A- Agreed
R- Realistic
T- Time-bound
E- Exciting
R- Recorded

35
Q

What does motivation mean

A

The desire required to be successful. A force that makes you do something and decide how much effort to put in

36
Q

What is intrinsic motivation

A

Motivation that comes from simply doing the activity rather than gaining external rewards

37
Q

What is extrinsic motivation

A

Motivation forces that come outside the person and the activity such as prizes and trophies

38
Q

DEFINE AROUSAL(ON THE TEST)

A

An increased level of mental excitement and alertness; the state of being excited, keen and mentally and physically ready to perform a task

39
Q

Effects of under-arousal

A
  • Fine motor skills require low levels of arousal to perform well
  • Not focused or excited enough to perform at the required level
40
Q

Effects of over-arousal

A
  • You feel anxious or stressed
  • You could be ‘psyched out’ by the opposition
  • You may make mistakes and under perform
41
Q

What are the 2 types of anxiety

A

Cognitive and Somatic

42
Q

What is cognitive anxiety

A

The mental symptoms that a performer feels such as fear and worry

43
Q

What is somatic anxiety

A

The physical symptoms that a performer feels

44
Q

What are 4 responses when someone has anxiety

A
  • Uncertainty
  • Pressure
  • Effect on self-esteem
  • Fear of harm
  • Frustration
45
Q

How is Anxiety caused. What are the symptoms

A
  • Increased heart rate
  • Increased respiration
  • Muscles tense

IGCSE (5 decks)

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