Sports studies chp 8 & 9

Question 1

Define ability

Answer 1

The qualities and characteristics a person is born with that allow a person to learn or acquire a skill

Question 2

Define skill

Answer 2

A learned and practised ability that brings about the result that you want to achieve with maximum certainty and efficiency

Question 3

What are the 8 factors that affect the level of skill obtained

Answer 3

1. Age and maturity
2. Arousal conditions
3. Facilities
4. Environment
5. Culture
6. Motivation
7. Anxiety
8. Teaching and coaching

Question 4

What are the 6 main characteristics of a skilled performance

Answer 4

1. Accuracy
2. Consistency
3. Fluency
4. Coordination
5. Goal directed
6. Aesthetically pleasing

Question 5

What are gross skills

Answer 5

How we move

Question 6

What are cognitive skills

Answer 6

How we think and make decisions

Question 7

What are perceptual skills

Answer 7

How we visualise and anticipate things

Question 8

What are the different type of skills

Answer 8

1. Basic/complex
2. Gross/fine
3. Open/closed

Question 9

What are basic skills

Answer 9

simple skills such as throwing, catching and running

Question 10

What are complex skills

Answer 10

More difficult skills that require a higher level of coordination and concentration

Question 11

What are closed skills

Answer 11

Skills that are not affected by the environment or the performers within it

Question 12

What are open skills

Answer 12

Skills that are affected by the environment where the performer has to adjust to the situation

Question 13

What are gross skills

Answer 13

Movements that use large muscle groups to produce big and powerful movements

Question 14

What are fine skills

Answer 14

Precise movements that require high levels of accuracy and technique

Question 15

What are the 4 stages of the information processing model

Answer 15

Input -> Decision making -> Output -> Feedback

Question 16

What is short-term memory

Answer 16

system for storing a small amount of information for a brief period

Question 17

What is long-term memory

Answer 17

Memory store that can hold vast amounts of information for a long period

Question 18

What is limited channel capacity

Answer 18

the idea that our brains can only process a certain amount of information at once

Question 19

What is single channel capacity

Answer 19

When receiving many stimuli from the environment, the brain can only deal with one stimulus at a time

Question 20

What are the 3 stages of learning

Answer 20

1. Cognitive
2. Associative
3. Autonomous

Question 21

What is the cognitive stage

Answer 21

The start of learning a skill

Question 22

What is the associative stage

Answer 22

Still have many mistakes but less that cognitive stage

Question 23

What is the autonomous stage

Answer 23

Mistakes are very rare

Question 24

What are the 4 types of feedback

Answer 24

intrinsic, Extrinsic, Knowledge of performance, Knowledge of results

Question 25

What is intrinsic feedback

Answer 25

Information that comes from within to do with emotions thoughts and muscles

Question 26

What is extrinsic feedback

Answer 26

information that comes from an external source

Question 27

What is knowledge of results

Answer 27

Knowing your score time and distance which allows you to judge how well u have done

Question 28

what is knowledge of performance

Answer 28

Analysing your quality of movement of use of technique

Question 29

what are the 4 types of guidance

Answer 29

visual, verbal, manual, and mechanical

Question 30

What is visual guidance

Answer 30

What you see: Watching videos or seeing a demonstration

Question 31

What is verbal guidance

Answer 31

What you are told: A coach may use words to explain things

Question 32

What is manual guidance

Answer 32

What supports you: A coach can physically move you around to make your movements precise

Question 33

What is mechanical guidance

Answer 33

What you feel: When you are receiving from equipment as you learn a skill

Question 34

What does each letter mean in the goal setting thing 'SMARTER'

Answer 34

S- Specific M- Measurable A- Agreed R- Realistic T- Time-bound E- Exciting R- Recorded

Question 35

What does motivation mean

Answer 35

The desire required to be successful. A force that makes you do something and decide how much effort to put in

Question 36

What is intrinsic motivation

Answer 36

Motivation that comes from simply doing the activity rather than gaining external rewards

Question 37

What is extrinsic motivation

Answer 37

Motivation forces that come outside the person and the activity such as prizes and trophies

Question 38

DEFINE AROUSAL(ON THE TEST)

Answer 38

An increased level of mental excitement and alertness; the state of being excited, keen and mentally and physically ready to perform a task

Question 39

Effects of under-arousal

Answer 39

- Fine motor skills require low levels of arousal to perform well - Not focused or excited enough to perform at the required level

Question 40

Effects of over-arousal

Answer 40

- You feel anxious or stressed - You could be 'psyched out' by the opposition - You may make mistakes and under perform

Question 41

What are the 2 types of anxiety

Answer 41

Cognitive and Somatic

Question 42

What is cognitive anxiety

Answer 42

The mental symptoms that a performer feels such as fear and worry

Question 43

What is somatic anxiety

Answer 43

The physical symptoms that a performer feels

Question 44

What are 4 responses when someone has anxiety

Answer 44

- Uncertainty - Pressure - Effect on self-esteem - Fear of harm - Frustration

Question 45

How is Anxiety caused. What are the symptoms

Answer 45

- Increased heart rate - Increased respiration - Muscles tense