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sports medicine final review Flashcards

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1
Q

the practice of glycogen super compensation to restore glycogen levels in the liver and muscle tissue is from eating what?

A

High carbohydrate diet

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2
Q

when a sprinter runs a 50-meter-dash, which structures within the muscle is primarily being used?

A

Fast twitch fibers

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3
Q

what condition occurs 12 hours after injury and is most intense after 24 to 48 hours?

A

Delayed onset muscle soreness

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4
Q

a legal wrong committed against a person or property of another is known as?

A

Tort

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5
Q

what ration for compressions to breaths should be used for 1 rescuer infant cpr?

A

30 compressions/ 2 breaths

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6
Q

in an effort to accurately assess the extent of a musculoskeletal injury, what is the first step that should be taken?

A

Patient history

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7
Q

what type of injury occurs when a bone comes partially out of its normal articulation then goes right back into place

A

subluxation

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8
Q

if an athlete shows any signs of a concussion, all the following should occur

A

rule out cervical injury, on-site medical evaluation, assess using SCAT-5

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9
Q

an individual, through expressed or implied agreement, accepts that some rick or danger will be involved in a particular undertaking. this best describes the concept of?

A

Assumption of risk

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10
Q

how do you preform chest compressions when providing high-quality CPR to a child victim?

A

30/2, half of depth (1 1/2, to 2in)

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11
Q

what condition is indicative of an absence of sweating with hot, flushed, or dry skin?

A

Dehydration

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12
Q

what eye injury is painless, and results in the athlete seeing floating specks, flashes of light, and blurred vision?

A

detached retina

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13
Q

hops, bounds, and death jumps are forms of?

A

Plyometric exercises

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14
Q

what type of wound is tetanus associated with?

A

puncture

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15
Q

the body’s most efficient source of energy is from?

A

carbohydrates

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16
Q

what is normal pulse for an adult at rest?

A

160-80

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17
Q

what is normal a normal respiratory rate for an adult at rest?

A

12-18, or 15

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18
Q

which of the nutrient may prevent pre-mature aging, certain cancers, and heart disease?

A

antioxidants

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19
Q

which of the following infections has the potential to eventually destroy the immune system?

A

HIV, Hepatitis C

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20
Q

what do you do after establishing someone is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse?

A

call 911, get an ADE and come back, then start CPR, finally follow AED instructions.

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21
Q

if an 8 month old infant is eating and begins to cough when do you do to help the airway obstruction?

A

5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts

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22
Q

an athlete has been hit in the head, briefly lost consciousness, and was removed from the game. When can the athlete return to physical activity?

A

When they show no symptoms and get cleared by a doctor.

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23
Q

how far must the chest be compressed to effectively preform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on an adult? child? infant?

A

Adult- 1/2-2in
Child-1-1/2in
Infant- half of depth

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24
Q

when preforming chest compressions on an infant, where does the rescuer place two fingers?

A

Sternum

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25
which of the following conditions occurs because of a low concentration of sodium and too much fluid?
hyponatremia
26
what is a blood born pathogen? give 3 examples
Infectious Microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease. Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIV.
27
what is not a type of heat loss by the body
Conduction, Radiation, Convection, Evaporation.
28
the basic units that make up proteins are called
Amino acids
29
what mineral is most abundant in the body and is necessary for bone formation is?
Calcium
30
during a weight loss program, how many pounds should be lost per week?
1-2 pounds, -350 cals per week for one pound
31
what is the treatment for tendinitis? sprain? strain? fracture?
rest
32
when evaluating an unconscious athlete, what are the steps that should be taken?
try to wake them up, check pulse and breathing, call 911, start CPR if necessary.
33
which of the terms is defined as the failure to use ordinary or reasonable care?
negligence
34
what is a laceration?
deep cut, with jagged edges.
35
what is an abrasion?
a scrape
36
What is an avulsion?
skin torn from body
37
what is a puncture?
sharp pointy object making an incision in body
38
what is an incision?
cut with smooth edges
39
what is a contusion?
bruise
40
if the intensity of an activity is low enough that the cardiovascular system can supply enough oxygen to continue the activity for long periods of time, the activity is what kind of activity?
Aerobic
41
the vitamin essential for the building of cells and preventing night blindness is?
vitamin A
42
which type of exercise used a series or exercise stations that consists of various combinations of weight training, flexibility, body weight training, and brief aerobic exercises?
circuit training
43
explain a grade 1 sprain
some stretching and separation of ligament fibers
44
explain a grade 2 sprain
moderate to severe; some tearing and separation of ligament fibers
45
explain a grade 3 sprain
total tearing of the ligament
46
what is ballistic stretching?
bouncing movements with repetitive contractions
47
what is PNF
dramatic increase in range of motion during one stretching sesh.
48
what is static stretching?
passively stretching a muscle placing muscle in maximum range of motion
49
what is active stretching
flexing a muscle opposite of the target muscle and holding this position for about 10 seconds until a slight stretch is felt.
50
a bicep curl using a dumbbell is an example of?
isotonic contraction
51
vegetables, breads, cereals, and pasta are all examples of which type of nutrient?
complex carbs
52
which of the parts of the brain controls sleep, posture, respiration, swallowing, and the bladder?
the medulla aka pons and midbrain
53
what type of fracture is characterized by an incomplete break in a bone that has not completely ossified?
greenstick
54
what means being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person?
liability
55
which of the following does not transmit HIV?
Saliva
56
when moving and transporting an anthlete who is suspected to have sustained cervical spine injury, it is important to. _________ to prevent further harm to the spinal cord?
Immobilize
57
what is myosotis ossificans?
calcium deposits that result from repeated trauma
58
what are the symptoms of shock?
clammy or pale skin, rapid pulse, rapid breathing, nausea, enlarged pupils, weakness, and fatigue.
59
how do you manage a nosebleed
sit up right, lean forward, pinch both nostrils for 5-10 minutes
60
when giving emergency treatment for a heatstroke victim, what is the most important directive?
cool first, transport second.
61
which of the following establishes minimum standards for equipment that must be met to ensure its safety?
NOCSAE
62
the pre-event meal should include what type of nutrients and when should it be eaten?
complex carbs, at least 5 hours before the event.
63
when assessing a potentially unconscious athlete, what is the first action that must be taken?
check pulse and breathing, establish level of consciousness.
64
what is a contract between an insurance company and a policyholder in which the insurance company agrees to reimburse a portion of the total medical bill after some deductible had been paid by the policyholder
health insurance
65
what is a psychrometer used to determine
air humidity
66
preforming an act that the medical provider is legally not allowed to do
malfeasance
67
which of the following fractures is caused by axial compression, bending, and torsion?
oblique fracture
68
what is frostnip?
when the tissue just below the skin freezes
69
what wound results in skin being torn from the body?
Avulsion
70
what is the heat disorder that is caused by prolonged sweating, diarrhea, and inadequate replacement of body fluid losses.
external heat exhaustion
71
what involved a muscle contraction in which the length of the muscle is changing while the contraction is being performed at a constant velocity?
Isokinetic
72
you witness someone suddenly collapse. the person is unresponsive, you hear gasping sounds, and there is no pulse. what do you do next?
call 911, get an AED and come back, then start CPR.
73
when a storm is near and a persons hair strands are on end, the person should?
kneel with one foot on the ground and the other one on top.
74
describe the steps for controlling severe external bleeding
call 911, apply pressure, raise injured area, keep patient at rest.
75
what occurs when at least one bone in a joint is forced completely out of it s normal and proper alignment and must be manually or surgically put back into place?
dislocation
76
nutrients preform three major roles. what are those three roles?
growth, maintain, repair.
77
which cells lay down extra bone formation over a fracture?
osteoblasts
78
what can occur if an athlete who sustained a concussion previously returns to play prior to resolution of the symptoms and then received another head injury
second-impact syndrome
79
what stretching technique is generally used for increasing flexibility?
static stretching
80
what is hosa?
Organization for students interested in healthcare
81
what is negligence?
failure to provide ordinary or reasonable care
82
what is tort?
legal wrong committed against a person
83
what is malfeasance
incorrectly performed a skill that the person is legally allowed to do
84
what is malfeasance
preforming a skill that the medical provider is legally NOT allowed to do
85
what is nonfeasance
failure to provide care when legally obligated to.
86
what is HIPAA
protects medical information
87
what is FERPA
protects educational information
88
movement away from the midline
abduction
89
movement toward the midline
adduction
90
decreasing a joint angle
flexion
91
increasing a joint angle
extension
92
moment around an axis
rotation (internal/external)
93
movement around an axis that outlines a cone
circumduction
94
rotation of the palms so they face anteriorly or superiorly
supination
95
rotation of the palms so they face posteriorly or inferiorly
pronation
96
rotation of the ankle/foot so the sole of the foot comes out
inversion
97
rotation of the ankle/foot so the sole of the foot comes out
eversion
98
movement of the body part forward
protraction
99
movement of a body part backwards
retraction
100
lowering of a body part
depression
101
raising a body part
elevation
102
what nerve effects smell?
olfactory
103
what nerve effects vision?
optic
104
what nerve effects eye/eyelid movement, pupil constricting, and focusing.
occulo-motor
105
what nerve effects inferior and lateral eye movement
trochlear
106
what nerve effects facial sensation , and mastication
trigeminal
107
what nerve effects lateral eye movement
abucens
108
what nerve effects motor facial expressions, taste, tear/salivary, nasal
facial
109
what nerve effects hearing or equilibrium
vestibulocochlear
110
what nerve effects swallowing, gag reflex, tounge, ear sensation, and salivation
glossopharyngeal
111
what nerve effects swallowing, speech, lung/heart G-I function
vagus
112
what nerve effects swallowing, and sternocleiclomastoid
accessory

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