Sports massage pre event massage and injuries Flashcards
What is Pre-event massage?
- Takes place before competition or event
- Supports internal preparation
- Enhances the warm-up
- Injury prevention
- Enhances performance
3 type of Event massage
- Pre event (Type I and Type II)
- Interval/inter-event/transitional
- Post-event
Pre-event treatment 4 objectives
- Decrease tension
- Increase circulation to muscles
- Provide kinesthetic feedback
- Provide positive psychological preparation
Pre-event massage Type I
Received before and worked with current therapist before
Accustomization
Pre-event type II
Never received
never worked with current therapist before
Less intense
Positive intent may be negative
Preevent massage application
Stimulation Quick, brisk, repetitive strokes Light stretching, PROM Administered 20-40 minutes prior to the event Duration 7-12 minutes Concentration -->areas/muscles used most
History questions for sports pre event
Pre-event sports massage experience? (#of times, reaction)
Where are you in your warm up? IMPORTANT!
Competition time?
Injuries, issues, problems?
Do you have any issues that you need to address right now?
Contraindications of sports massage
“Athlete’s time”
Don’t over stretch or over work
Don’t address injuries, issues or problems
Don’t be put off by the athlete
1 Cause of MOST sport injuries:
Sudden impact and or ballistic movement (the motion passes beyond a normal range of motion)
Injury classfication
Direct
Injury resultant of a blow to the body with a blunt object (ex. Contusions, sprains, fractures or abrasions, etc)
Indirect Any injury resultant of excessive duration and or intensity Environmental influence (Repetitive Stress Injury, Overuse, fatigue, etc)
Choice of treatment
PRICED Prevent or protect Rise Ice Compression Elevate Diagnosis (seek medical help)
Examined sport injuries
Iliotibial band friction syndrome Injection site Ligament sprain Contusion Muscle cramp Muscle spasm Compartment syndromes Muscle strain stress fracture concussion dehydration Electrolyte imbalance Heat cramp Heat exhaustions/syncope heat stroke Sunburn Hypothermia Overuse injuries
Concussions
=minor head injury Resultant of contact sports or impact Symptoms: stunned or dazed Post traumatic amnesia (partial or total loss of memory) Loss of consciousness
Over heating conditions
Dehydration Electrolyte imbalance heat cramping Heat exhaustion heat stroke sunburn
Dehydration
=Excessive body fluid loss b/c output>input S &S Dry mucous membrane Oliguria Tachycardia Hypotension Decrease skin swelling Disorientation Fatigue
Dehydration treatment
Orally replace fluid
rest in shaded area
medical attention ASAP
Electrolyte imbalance
Excessive loss of electrolytes Caused by sweating, vomiting diarrhea, high fever Inadequate intake or diet Malabsorption - kidney disease Medications
Sign and symptom of Electrolyte imbalance
Irregular heat beat Confusion BP Changes Nervous system disorders Muscle weakness or twitching Fatigue
Treatment for Electrolyte imbalance
IV fluids, electrolyte replacement, diet changes
Heat cramp
strong, involuntary painful muscle contractions
caused by over use of muscles,
short term heat disorder
loss of fluids, electrolytes and or essential minerals (dehydration)
Sign and symptom of Heat cramp
Sudden onset or over several days
Forceful painful debilitating contraction
Treatment of heat cramp
stop activity, replenish fluids, rest in shaded area, medical attention ASAP
Heat exhaustion
AKA heat syncope or heat collapse
Extreme physical fatigue due to heat exposure
caused by excess exercise/activity induced
Decrease vasomotor tone ->pooling of blood in the periphery-> hypotention->cerebral anoxia
Sign and symptoms of heat exhaustion
Gradual onset, lead to heatstroke
weakness, fairness, light headed
malaise (general feeling of discomfort), nausea, blurred vision
cool clammy skin, sweating, pallor (unhealthy pale appearance)
decrease BP, PR, RR
Heat stroke
Body temperature more than 40.6 C
Thermoregulatory failure
Caused by inadequate acclimatization to increased enviromental temperatures
Signed and symptoms of Heat stroke
Sudden onset or can develop over several days
CNS disturbances
Dizziness, blurred vision, confusion, nausea, irritability, delirium
Hot dry skin
Increase BP, PR, HR
Convulsions and coma
Heat exhaustion VS Heat Stroke
Heat exhaustion
- Moist clammy skins
- Normal or subnormal temperature
Heat stroke
- Dry, hot skin
- Very high body temperature
Treatment and prevention of Heat exhaustion
Lay in cool shaded area while replenishing fluids
medical attention
grade physical activity
caution in hot environment
Treatment and prevention of heat stroke
Seek medical attention ASAP Decrease body temperature: Remove clothing Cool sponges, baths Ice packs fanning body Watch for Sign and Symptom when training
Sunburn
Skin inflammation and damage due to sun over exposure
common in athletes frequently exposure to prolonged sunlight
Sunburn sign and symptoms
1st mild redness 2nd redness with blisters 3rd redness ulceration Chills and fevers nausea and vomiting Delirium and dehydration
Treatment and prevention of sunburn
Cold towels/ice for inflammation
Lotions, creams, gel’s
sunscreen cover up
Hypothermia
Body’s temperature less than 35 c due to prolonged cold exposure
caused by shunting of blood to the core
body loses heat and ability to produce heat
wet clothing, exposed skin, wind-chill, fatigue, alcohol or drug consumption
Sign and symptoms Hypothermia
Muscle tension and fatigue Intense shivering slurred speech loss of coordination, balance, difficulty speaking Mental sluggishness and deterioration
Treatment and prevention of Hypothermia
Warm core temperature
Remove wet clothing
Introduce warm fluids
Cover periphery
Overuse injuries
Caused by
- errors in sport/activity or specific training techniques
- Training surfaces
- Inadequate warm-up
- inadequate muscle strength and/or flexibility
- inappropriate footwear
- faulty biomechanics
- inadequate recovery
