Sport Science Fundamentals

Question 1

What are the functions of ATP

Answer 1

Energy supply, Muscle contraction, Active transport, Neurotransmission, DNA/RNA synthesis, Cell signaling

Question 2

What are the energy systems.

Answer 2

ATP-PCr system, Glycotic System, Aerobic System

Question 3

ATP-PCr system

Answer 3

Fast acting

sprint

Question 4

Glycolytic system

Answer 4

Makes more ATP than ATP-PCR but is slower

interval training.

Question 5

Aerobic system

Answer 5

Uses oxygen, produces lots of ATP not as powerful, only system that works to burn fatty acids

Question 6

Do you make more miterchondra through endurance exercise?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

NADH

Answer 7

carries electrons in production of ATP

Question 8

Beta oxidation

Answer 8

Converting fatty acids
Breakdown of triglycerides releases fatty acids
Fatty acids must be converted to acetyl-CoA to be used as fuel.
Activated

Question 9

Sprinting

Answer 9

ATP levels constant up until 8 secs.

PCr decreases during sprinting

Question 10

Does creatine supplementation increase strength?

Answer 10

Yes with resistance training

Question 11

glycogen

Answer 11

storage form of glucose in the liver and the muscle

Question 12

Glycogenosys

Answer 12

breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Question 13

Is too much glucose a bad thing

Answer 13

yes turns to fat

Question 14

Fatty acids

Answer 14

The primary type of fat used by muscle

Question 15

Triglycerides

Answer 15

Storage from fat in muscle and adipose tissue

Question 16

Does fat supple ATP?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

protein

Answer 17

composed of amino acids

Question 18

can protein can be converted to glucose?

Answer 18

yes (gluconeogenesis)

Question 19

Is protein a primary source during exercise?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

Isotonic contraction

Answer 20

change in length. Ecentric, concentric

Question 21

Isometric

Answer 21

no change in length

Question 22

Glucose + O2

Answer 22

38 ATP + CO2 + H2O + heat

Question 23

fatty acid + O2

Answer 23

100 ATP + CO2 + H2O + heat

Question 24

what does the aerobic system do?

Answer 24

when oxygen is used to produce the required energy during exercise

Question 25

What does the glycolytic system improve

Answer 25

performance, hypertrophy, enzyme acvivity, pain tolerance, recovery

Question 26

what does the ATP-PCr system improve?

Answer 26

muscle stores of ATP, enzyme activity

Question 27

what does the aerobic system improve?

Answer 27

oxygen transport, lung capacity, heart, mitochondria number and size increases glycogen stores, increases fat use, increase capillaries

Question 28

Enzymes

Answer 28

Catalysts that regulate the speed of reactions

Question 29

spine bones

Answer 29

cervical, theoretic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx