Sport Psychology

Question 1

What are the types of motivation

Answer 1

Amotivation = no motivation

Extrinsic motivation = driven by the gain of external factors

Intrinsic motivation = driven by factors from within, feelings, enjoyment, personal satisfaction

Question 2

What is motivation

Answer 2

General desire, need or want that drives a person the behave a certain way

Question 3

What are the types of confidence

Answer 3

Self-confidence: Level of trust one has in their own abilities, qualities, and judgments

Self-belief: Level of trust one has in their own abilities to succeed no matter the situation

Self-efficacy: Athletes perception in how they can perform a specific task

Question 4

What is confidence

Answer 4

The belief that the individual can have faith in themselves, someone or something to perform when called upon

Question 5

What is arousal

Answer 5

Feeling of mental and physical alertness or excitement

Question 6

What is the drive theory of arousal

Answer 6

The relationship between performance and arousal is linear

Question 7

What is the inverted U theory of arousal

Answer 7

Arousal is balancing act for performance always looking to balance between arousal and performance

Question 8

What is attention

Answer 8

Ability to maintain focus to relevant environmental cues

Question 9

What is concentration

Answer 9

Ability to rapidly change attentional focus to meet the environmental demands

Question 10

What model involves width and direction and what is width and direction according to the model

Answer 10

Nideffer’s Model:
Width
Broad – Can attend to several cues at once, decision makers
Narrow – Can responds to 1 or 2 cues at a time, golf shot

Direction
External – Attention to environment objects, players on field, ball, extra
Internal – Attention to own feeling thoughts pressures, marathon runner

Question 11

Selective Attention is

Answer 11

Ability to attend to certain stimuli selectively when several stimuli are occurring simultaneously

Question 12

Relevant Cues are

Answer 12

Attending the essential information when several stimuli are occurring simultaneously

Question 13

What are irrelevant Cues

Answer 13

Unnecessary information designed by opponents to mask essential/relevant cues

Question 14

Team Dynamics describes

Answer 14

The relationship between each member of the team

Question 15

Team Cohesion is

Answer 15

The extent that which the team can work together and function as a unified force/entity

Question 16

Describe Tuckman’s Stage of Group Development

Answer 16

Stage 1 – Forming
Group and individual roles are established

Stage 2 – Storming
Social cohesion – the team is formed through interactions and experiences of each together

Task cohesion – the ability to identify closely with the team’s goals

Stage 3 – Norming
Team members accept and settle into individual roles within the group

Stage 4 – Performing
Social and task cohesion are at optimal levels which is expressed through optimal performance

Question 17

Ongoing techniques are

and examples of them

Answer 17

Techniques applied frequently and revisited often, used best ‘outside’ of performance

Example:
goal-setting 
mental rehearsal  
team dynamics and cohesion 
self-confidence

Question 18

Pre-performance techniques are

and examples of them

Answer 18

Techniques best utilised just before performance

Example:
pre-performance techniques
relaxation and energiser techniques

Question 19

In-performance techniques are

and examples of them

Answer 19

Techniques are best applied during the activity

Example:
positive self-talk techniques
attention and concentration techniques

Question 20

What do process goals do

Answer 20

Focus on specific behaviours demonstrated throughout the performance

Question 21

What do performance goals do

Answer 21

Specify a result of the performance that will be achieved by the athlete independently of the team

Question 22

What do outcome goals do

Answer 22

Focus on outcomes of performance/competition

Question 23

Types of mental rehersal

Answer 23

Internal
Imagining the execution of a skill from within your own body, What you see when performing the skill

External
Picturing viewing yourself from the perspective of an external observer or on video replay.

Question 24

What are affirmations

Answer 24

Positive statements directly related to an athletes qualities, abilities or goals

Question 25

Types of relaxation and energiser techniques

Answer 25

PMR, Music, deep breathing, visualisation are all techniques used to manipulate the minds state on the arousal continuum up or down

Question 26

Deep breathing techniques are used to

Answer 26

Decrease stress 
Decrease muscle tension 
Calm nerves 
Reduce negative or unhelpful thoughts 
Induce feelings or relaxed energy (in the zone)

Question 27

What are pre-performance routines

Answer 27

A sequence of actions and/or thoughts performed prior to the event/performance’

Question 28

Selective attention is

Answer 28

Identifying correct cues to respond to

Question 29

Trigger words are

Answer 29

A word or short phrase to redirect attention/concentration to performance

Question 30

Performance segmenting is

Answer 30

Breaking up performance into manageable periods

Question 31

Pre-performance and within competition routines

Answer 31

Actions performed before skill execution

Question 32

Performance segmentation

Answer 32

The process of breaking up a performance into more manageable periods

Question 33

Pre-Task Routine

Answer 33

Actions performed by athletes just before skill execution, to focus attention to task at hand

Question 34

Effective pre task routines work to

Answer 34

Manage arousal levels
Reduce risk of choking under pressure
Increase performance of serial skills (skills with a clear start and finish)

Question 35

Self Talk is

Answer 35

Any dialogue directed to yourself, internally or externally

Question 36

Positive Self Talk is

Answer 36

Any dialogue directed to yourself, that is encouraging or motivating

Question 37

Negative self talk is

Answer 37

Any dialogue directed to yourself, that is negative and works to degrade self worth or criticises

Question 38

Positive Cue words are

Answer 38

Single short words or phrase to help refocus attention and combat negative thoughts

Question 39

Positive emotions are

Answer 39

Emotions used to develop a growth mindset and a great belief of self amidst