Sport Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of motivation

A

Amotivation = no motivation

Extrinsic motivation = driven by the gain of external factors

Intrinsic motivation = driven by factors from within, feelings, enjoyment, personal satisfaction

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2
Q

What is motivation

A

General desire, need or want that drives a person the behave a certain way

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3
Q

What are the types of confidence

A

Self-confidence: Level of trust one has in their own abilities, qualities, and judgments

Self-belief: Level of trust one has in their own abilities to succeed no matter the situation

Self-efficacy: Athletes perception in how they can perform a specific task

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4
Q

What is confidence

A

The belief that the individual can have faith in themselves, someone or something to perform when called upon

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5
Q

What is arousal

A

Feeling of mental and physical alertness or excitement

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6
Q

What is the drive theory of arousal

A

The relationship between performance and arousal is linear

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7
Q

What is the inverted U theory of arousal

A

Arousal is balancing act for performance always looking to balance between arousal and performance

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8
Q

What is attention

A

Ability to maintain focus to relevant environmental cues

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9
Q

What is concentration

A

Ability to rapidly change attentional focus to meet the environmental demands

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10
Q

What model involves width and direction and what is width and direction according to the model

A

Nideffer’s Model:
Width
Broad – Can attend to several cues at once, decision makers
Narrow – Can responds to 1 or 2 cues at a time, golf shot

Direction
External – Attention to environment objects, players on field, ball, extra
Internal – Attention to own feeling thoughts pressures, marathon runner

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11
Q

Selective Attention is

A

Ability to attend to certain stimuli selectively when several stimuli are occurring simultaneously

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12
Q

Relevant Cues are

A

Attending the essential information when several stimuli are occurring simultaneously

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13
Q

What are irrelevant Cues

A

Unnecessary information designed by opponents to mask essential/relevant cues

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14
Q

Team Dynamics describes

A

The relationship between each member of the team

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15
Q

Team Cohesion is

A

The extent that which the team can work together and function as a unified force/entity

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16
Q

Describe Tuckman’s Stage of Group Development

A

Stage 1 – Forming
Group and individual roles are established

Stage 2 – Storming
Social cohesion – the team is formed through interactions and experiences of each together

Task cohesion – the ability to identify closely with the team’s goals

Stage 3 – Norming
Team members accept and settle into individual roles within the group

Stage 4 – Performing
Social and task cohesion are at optimal levels which is expressed through optimal performance

17
Q

Ongoing techniques are

and examples of them

A

Techniques applied frequently and revisited often, used best ‘outside’ of performance

Example:
goal-setting 
mental rehearsal  
team dynamics and cohesion 
self-confidence
18
Q

Pre-performance techniques are

and examples of them

A

Techniques best utilised just before performance

Example:
pre-performance techniques
relaxation and energiser techniques

19
Q

In-performance techniques are

and examples of them

A

Techniques are best applied during the activity

Example:
positive self-talk techniques
attention and concentration techniques

20
Q

What do process goals do

A

Focus on specific behaviours demonstrated throughout the performance

21
Q

What do performance goals do

A

Specify a result of the performance that will be achieved by the athlete independently of the team

22
Q

What do outcome goals do

A

Focus on outcomes of performance/competition

23
Q

Types of mental rehersal

A

Internal
Imagining the execution of a skill from within your own body, What you see when performing the skill

External
Picturing viewing yourself from the perspective of an external observer or on video replay.

24
Q

What are affirmations

A

Positive statements directly related to an athletes qualities, abilities or goals

25
Types of relaxation and energiser techniques
PMR, Music, deep breathing, visualisation are all techniques used to manipulate the minds state on the arousal continuum up or down
26
Deep breathing techniques are used to
``` Decrease stress Decrease muscle tension Calm nerves Reduce negative or unhelpful thoughts Induce feelings or relaxed energy (in the zone) ```
27
What are pre-performance routines
A sequence of actions and/or thoughts performed prior to the event/performance’
28
Selective attention is
Identifying correct cues to respond to
29
Trigger words are
A word or short phrase to redirect attention/concentration to performance
30
Performance segmenting is
Breaking up performance into manageable periods
31
Pre-performance and within competition routines
Actions performed before skill execution
32
Performance segmentation
The process of breaking up a performance into more manageable periods
33
Pre-Task Routine
Actions performed by athletes just before skill execution, to focus attention to task at hand
34
Effective pre task routines work to
Manage arousal levels Reduce risk of choking under pressure Increase performance of serial skills (skills with a clear start and finish)
35
Self Talk is
Any dialogue directed to yourself, internally or externally
36
Positive Self Talk is
Any dialogue directed to yourself, that is encouraging or motivating
37
Negative self talk is
Any dialogue directed to yourself, that is negative and works to degrade self worth or criticises
38
Positive Cue words are
Single short words or phrase to help refocus attention and combat negative thoughts
39
Positive emotions are
Emotions used to develop a growth mindset and a great belief of self amidst