Sport Psychology Flashcards
What are some philosophical approaches to sports counselling?
Person centred: form of talk therapy, provide client with greater self-awareness about thoughts, feelings, behaviours, reflecting on performance, why they do things, why they perform a certain way
Psychoanalytic: current behaviour is determined by past experiences, why past experiences are affecting how they perform today
Existential: emphasis on choices and future
Gestalt: focus on personal responsibility
Rational-emotive: focuses on resolving emotional and behavioural issues, interested in improving client happiness and wellbeing
Behavioural: focus on unlearning negative behaviours using positive reinforcement
What are some of the ways sports psychology can be delivered?
- Workshops
- 1:1s
- Brief contact interventions
- Athletes
- Coaches
- Parents
- Support staff
What is the process a sports psychologist goes through with a client?
- > Intake - beginning the relationship, establishing expectations and goals
- > Needs analysis - gathering info about your client’s strengths, weaknesses, goals, until you have identified a clear area for improvement
- > Case formulation - synthesising the needs analysis into a ‘working model’ to guide subsequent decisions
- > Choosing an intervention - using your working model, scientific evidence and professional judgement to make a decision
- > Planning the intervention - how your strategy will be structured and supported
- > Delivery and monitoring - the way the strategy and plan are monitored
Record keeping throughout all of this is important is a client ever brought a litigation claim against you, or if you don’t see a client regularly, to remember what you did with them
Outline the importance of goal setting and list three types of goals.
Goals direct attention, regulate the amount of effort that a person is prepared to put into a given task, allows this effort to be prolonged until the goal is reached, motivate people to develop alternate strategies to reach their goals
Outcome goal - results focused and typically based on social comparison
Performance goal - one’s actual performance levels in relation to own standards
Process goal - task-focused and refers to the execution of skills
What is self-talk and is it effective?
Self-talk is the internal dialogue in one’s mind. Can differ in direction (positive or negative), content (instructional or motivational) and overtness (silent or out-loud)
It is an effective strategy for improving sport performance. It is more effective for learning a new skill, with fine motor skills and instructional self-talk has been found to be more effective than motivational
What is imagery and what are some types of imagery?
Imagery is the ability to create or recreate experiences in the mind. It enhances motor control, regulates emotions and fuels motivation.
Internal imagery - within ourselves as if we were doing the activity
External imagery - watching someone else do the activity as a spectator
Cognitive-general: imagining game plans, successful strategies, routines
Cognitive specific: imagining specific sport skills
Motivational-specific: imagining individual goals
Motivational-general arousal: imagining feelings associated with arousal and stress
Motivation-general mastery: imagining being confident and mastering challenging situations
What are some of the ways to evaluate effectiveness of sport psychology delivery/sport psychologist?
Client feedback - how they think the session is going, are you meeting their needs, are we getting somewhere?
Questionnaires
Consultant reflections - are you providing the best service for your athletes?
Repeat consultancy - are they coming back to you? If so, you’re probably having a good effect on their performance and wellbeing
Performance data
