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NOTCE PREP > Splints > Flashcards

Splints Flashcards

1
Q

What is an opponens splint?

A

May be short or long
-Supports the thumb in a position of abduction and opposition
-Used during functional activities

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2
Q

What is a cock up splint?

A

This splint supports the user’s wrist in 10° to 20° of extension to prevent contracture, but allows digits to function, such as in a case involving a flaccid wrist

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3
Q

What type of split would be crafted for a brachial plexus injury?

A

A flail arm splint

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4
Q

What type of split would be crafted for a median nerve injury?

A

An opponens splint or C-Bar splint

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5
Q

What type of split would be crafted for an ulnar nerve injury?

A

A dynamic/static splint to position MPs in flexion

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6
Q

What type of split would be crafted for a combined median/ulnar nerve injury?

A

A figure of eight splint or dynamic MCP flexion splint

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7
Q

What type of splint would be crafted for someone with a C6-C7 spinal cord injury?

A

A tenodesis splint

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8
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with the skiers thumb injury?

A

A hand-based thumb splint

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9
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with CMC arthritis?

A

A hand-based thumb splin

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10
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with a flexor tendon injury?

A

Kleinert or Duran dorsal protection splint

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11
Q

What type of splint would be crafted for someone with swan neck?

A

Silver rings or buttonhole splint

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12
Q

What are the general considerations of splinting?

A

Comfort
- Function
- Cosmesis
- Patient acceptance and compliance - Patient education
- Tratment plan integration

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13
Q

What are the objectives of static splinting?

A

The main purporse of splinting is to help the individual perfom ADLs through:
- positioning and maintaining alignment
- protecting or supporting or immobilizing
- inhibiting tone by positioning the extremity in a reflex inhibiting position

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14
Q

What are supportive splints?

A

Supportive splints are static splints used to: - relieve pain
- position and maintain join alignment
- prevent adaptive shortening of soft tissues

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15
Q

What are the objectives of dynamics splints?

A

prevent progressive deforming changes as a result of muscle imbalance
- substitute for or assist lost or weakened muscles - increase ROM
- minimize formation of adhesions

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16
Q

What are static progressive splints?

A

Static progressive splints apply low-load prolonged stress at the end range to soft tissue through static positioning to increase ROM and correct contractures

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17
Q

What are seral static splints?

A

Serial static splints hold the tissue in end range until it adaps to its new length to increase ROM and maintain improvement obtained

18
Q

What is the functional position of the hand?

A

Wrist: 30 degrees in extension -Phalanges: Slight flexion -Thumb: Opposed to index finger

19
Q

What is intrinsic plus grasp?

A

Characterized by:
-All the MPs in flexion
-DIPs and PIPs, full extension
-Thumb in opposition to MF & RF (

20
Q

What splint is used to subtitute for loss of intrinsic plus grasp?

A

Use figure eight or dynamic flexion splint -Loss of intrinsic plus is associated with median and ulnar nerve dysfunction

21
Q

When is the intrinsic plus splinting position used?

A

For individuals with burns and traumatic hand injuries

22
Q

What are the common splinting precautions?

A

Preexisting skin problems -
Bony prominences -
Friction -
Pressure spots

23
Q

What splint is used for median nerve compression (CTS)?

A

Dorsal, volar, or ulnar gutter splint

24
Q

What splint is used for a carpal tunnel release surgery?

A

Volar splint with the wrist in a neutral, or slightly extended wrist position

25
Q

What immobilizing splint is used for radial nerve palsy?

A
26
Q

What immobilizing splint is used for tendinitis/tenosynovitis?

A

Volar or dorsal, 20-30 degrees of wrist extension

27
Q

What immobilizing splint is used for rheumatoid arthritis

A

Volar in extension up to 30 degrees, based on the person’s comfort level
-Ulnar drift close to neutral during early stages

28
Q

What immobilizing splint is used for wrist fracture?

A

Volar, dorsal, or circumferential. -Maximum passive extension up to 30 degrees.

29
Q

What immobilizing splint is used for reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS)?

A

Volar in extension, as tolerated -Circumferential wrist might be used to avoid edema

30
Q

What is a resting hand splint used for?

A

RA, Burns, Dupuyten’s, and RSD -Supports the hand and wrist joint so that they heal without contracting and so that a deformity does not develop

31
Q

When are thumb immobilization splints used?

A

Tenosynovitis -Rheumatoid arthritis -Osteoarthritis -Traumatic injuries of the thumb

32
Q

When is a thumb spica used?

A

Immobilizes the thumb while allowing other digits freedom to move
-A long thumb spica splint also immobilizes the wrist
-Immobilizes 1st CMC and sometimes 1st MP and IP
-Hand based (short opponens splint)

33
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with a Boutenniere deformity?

A

dynamic PIP extension splints

34
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with arthritis?

A

A functional splint or safe splints, depending on stage

35
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with flaccidity?

A

A resting splint

36
Q

What type of split would be crafted for someone with spasticity?

A

A spasticity splint or a cone splint

37
Q

What is the position of deformity?

A

Wrist flexion -MCP hyperextension -IP joints flexed -Thumbs adducted

38
Q

What is the functional position of the hand?

A

Wrist 20 to 30° of extension -MCPs 45° flexion
-IPs 20 to 30° of flexion -Thumb in palmar abduction

39
Q

What is a blocking splint used for?

A

Used to isolate tendon and joint range of motion

40
Q

What splint is used for a 5-year old child with spastic quad CP how shows bilateral thum-in-palm deformities?

A

A neoprene hand-based splint w/thumbs in opposition

NOTCE PREP (2 decks)

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