Spirometry

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

describe the FEV1/FVC ratio in restrictive lung disease

Answer 2

• Both FVC and FEV1 are reduced
  
  • normal ratio remains

Question 3

describe the FEV1/FEC ratio in obstructive lung diseases

Answer 3

• FEV1 is reduced
• FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.8

Question 4

Answer 4

• Obstructive lung disease
• scooped out appearance
• reduced FEV1
• minimal change to FVC

Question 5

Answer 5

• Flow volume loop for restrictive lung disease
• steep expiratory limb
• significant reduction in both FEV1 and FVC

Question 6

describe changes in spirogram values in obstructive lung diseases

Answer 6

• increased RV and increased FRC
• increased TLC
• decreased FEV (decreased FEV1/FVC ratio)

Question 7

describe changes in spirogram values in restrictive lung diseases

Answer 7

• decreased lung volume:
  
  • decreased FVC and decreased TLC

Question 8

which values cannot be measured with spirometry?

Answer 8

• RV, FRC and TLC cannot be measured with spirometry
• methods that can be used:
  
  • helium dilution (not with lung obstruction though)
  • body plethysmography (can be used with lung obst.)

Question 9

name muscles used in inspiration vs expiration

Answer 9

• inspiration
  
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • scalene
  • external intercostal
  • diaphragm
• expiration
  
  • internal intercostal
  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • rectual abdominis
  • transversus abdominis