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Spirits and Distillation > Spirits & Distillation > Flashcards

Spirits & Distillation Flashcards

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1
Q 
What is the minimum legal aging requirement for XO Cognac?
• 	2 years
• 	4 years
• 	6 years
• 	15 years
• 	20 years
A

6 years

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2
Q 
Armagnac is a delimited appellation for what style of liquor?
• 	Gin
• 	Brandy 
• 	Whiskey
• 	Vodka
• 	Rum
A

Brandy

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3
Q 
How many times is Cognac distilled?
• 	Once
• 	Twice 
• 	Three times
• 	Four times
A

Twice

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4
Q 
What is grappa?
• 	Italian brandy
• 	Italian pomace spirit
• 	Italian apple eau du vie
• 	Italian whiskey
• 	Italian grape liqueur
A

Italian pomace spirit

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5
Q 
Which of the following fruits provides the base for Calvados?
• 	raspberry
• 	cherry
• 	apple
• 	grapes
• 	orange
A

apple

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6
Q 
What is the principal flavoring agent of gin?
• 	Citrus
• 	Clove
• 	Juniper Berries 
• 	Cucumber
• 	Anise
A

Juniper Berries

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7
Q

Vodka must be distilled from fermented potatoes or grain.
• True
• False

A

False- Corn, Wheat & Grapes too

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8
Q 
What style of whiskey is most associated with peat flavor?
• 	Tennessee Whiskey
• 	Irish Whiskey
• 	Canadian Rye Whiskey
• 	Bourbon
• 	Scotch Whisky
A

Scotch Whisky

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9
Q 
Which of the following styles of sake has brewers' alcohol added?
• 	Nigori
• 	Junmai Ginjo
• 	Namazake
• 	Honjozo 
• 	Junmai
A

Honjozo

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10
Q 
Which of the following types of alcoholic beverage uniquely undergoes Multiple Parallel Fermentation?
• 	Pomace Spirit
• 	Sake 
• 	Brandy
• 	Lambic Beer
• 	Lager Beer
A

Sake

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11
Q

Irish Whiskey is usually distilled twice.
• True
• False

A

False

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12
Q 
What is fermented in order to distill Demerara rum?
• 	Beets
• 	Sugarcane juice
• 	Rye
• 	Molasses
• 	Potatoes
A

Molasses

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13
Q

Match the liqueur to the most appropriate flavor.
Pernod a. Coffee
Chambord b. Artichoke
Strega c. Vanilla
Kümmel d. Raspberry
Licor 43 e. Saffron
Cynar f. Anise
Midori g. Caraway Seed
Tia Maria h. Melon

A 
Correct answers		 
Pernod	              Anise		
Chambord	      Raspberry	
Strega	              Saffron		
Kümmel	              Caraway Seed	
Licor 43	              Vanilla	
Cynar	              Artichoke	
Midori	              Melon	
Tia Maria  	      Coffee
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14
Q

Tennessee Whiskey must be produced in Tennessee.
• True
• False

A

True

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15
Q

Place the following Cognac subregions in descending order of quality. Arranged from largest to smallest. Decreasing order: Petite Champagne
Bons Bois
Grande Champagne
Bois Ordinaires/Bois à Terroirs
Fins Bois
Borderies

A 
Grande Champagne	
Petite Champagne	
Borderies	
Fins Bois	
Bons Bois	
Bois Ordinaires/Bois à Terroirs
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16
Q

Folle Blanche is the dominant grape of Cognac.
• True
• False

A

False

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17
Q

How is American Proof calculated?
• American Proof is double the alcohol by volume
• American Proof is half the alcohol by volume
• American Proof is 1.5 times the alcohol by volume
• American Proof is four times the alcohol by volume
• American Proof is equal to alcohol by volume

A

American Proof is double the alcohol by volume

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18
Q

Match the spirit to the appropriate base of fermentation.
Irish Whiskey a. Blue Agave
Scotch Whisky b. Maize
Bourbon c. Unmalted Barley
Rum d. Sugarcane
Tequila e. Malted Barley

A

Irish Whiskey Unmalted Barley
Scotch Whisky Malted Barley
Bourbon Maize
Rum Sugarcane
Tequila Blue Agave

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19
Q 
On what French island in the Caribbean is AOP rhum agricole produced?
• 	Martinique 
• 	Barbados
• 	Jamaica
• 	Guadeloupe
A

Martinique

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20
Q

Calvados_____ AOP requires a minimum 30% perry and three years in cask prior to release.

A

Domfrontais

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21
Q

Tequila aged for sixty days to one year in cask may be labeled _______?

A

Reposado

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22
Q

What is the general term for pomace spirit in France?

A

Marc

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23
Q 
Which of the following styles of gin is preferred for the Pink Gin cocktail?
• 	Genever
• 	London Dry
• 	Old Tom
• 	Plymouth
A

Plymouth-produced by Plymouth, Coates, and Co. in England. It is fuller in body than London Dry Gin, and very aromatic

Old Tom Gin, another English style rarely encountered today, is lightly sweetened gin.

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24
Q 
Which of the following states is not authorized for Tequila production?
• 	Nayarit
• 	Jalisco
• 	Oaxaca 
• 	Guanajuato
• 	Tamaulipas
A

Oaxaca

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25
Q

Match the distillery to the appropriate region.
Highland Park a. Speyside
Springbank b. Islay
Ardbeg c. Highlands
Glenfiddich d. Isle of Skye
Auchentoshan e. Campbeltown
Oban f. Lowlands
Talisker g. Isle of Orkney

A 
Highland Park         Isle of Orkney
Springbank	         Campbeltown	
Ardbeg	                 Islay
Glenfiddich	         Speyside	
Auchentoshan	 Lowlands
Oban	                 Highlands	
Talisker	                 Isle of Skye
26
Q

Match the spirit or liqueur to the appropriate original country of origin.
Boonekamp a. Italy
Benedictine b. South Africa
Ouzo c. Japan
Averna d. Greece
Midori e. Guyana
Genever f. France
Pisco g. Brazil
Demerara Rum h. Holland
Cachaça i. Peru
Amarula j. Germany

A 
Boonekamp	            Germany	
Benedictine	            France	
Ouzo	                    Greece	
Averna	                     Italy	
Midori	                     Japan	
Genever	                     Holland	
Pisco	                     Peru	
Demerara Rum	     Guyana	
Cachaça	                     Brazil	
Amarula	                     South Africa
27
Q

Modern spirits are generally distilled in either the more rudimentary pot still or the more modern continuous still (also called the ____, column, or patent still), a device developed in the early 1800s.

A

Coffey

28
Q

In a simple pot still, fermented liquor, also known as (the “_____”) is placed into a closed vessel and heat is applied directly to the vessel, vaporizing the ethyl alcohol, a certain amount of water, and congeners—volatile molecules such as esters, other alcohols, and aldehydes, which contribute to the flavor (or off-flavor) of a spirit.

A

wash

29
Q

True or False: Vodka may be distilled from a number of different bases, such as potatoes, rye, grapes, beets, and molasses—if it will ferment it can potentially become vodka.

A

True

30
Q

Scandinavian liquor _____ a clear spirit made from fermented potato or grain and flavored with caraway root and other aromatics, is basically flavored vodka.

A

acquavit

31
Q 
Producers of vodka include
Russian
Poland
French
American 
American    
Holland
A

Russia- Stolichnaya and Ikon
Poland- Chopin, a potato vodka, and Belvedere
French- Grey Goose
American - Tito’s Handmade Vodka American
Holland’s Ketel One

32
Q

True or False: Popular London Dry Gins include Beefeater, Tanqueray, Bombay Sapphire, Gordon’s, and Boodles.

A

True

33
Q

______gin a min 15% “malt wine”: a distillate of corn, rye and wheat. This traditional style is now labeled oude (“old”); cleaner, more neutral with less malt wine is labeled jonge (“young”). Corenwyn (“corn wine”) is a cask-aged version in which malt wine comprises at least 51% of the distillate.

A

Genever

34
Q

Bourbon Whiskey, and today must be distilled from a minimum ____. Bourbon Whiskey is aged in charred new oak casks. If the bourbon is aged for less than four years, the distiller must state the length of aging on the bottle.

A

51% corn

35
Q

True or False: Bourbon Whiskey may legally be produced anywhere in the US. Tennessee Whiskey, must be produced in Tennessee. It is currently only produced by Jack Daniel’s and George Dickel-must be filtered with maple charcoal prior to aging.

A

True

36
Q

All Scotch whisky must be produced in Scotland, distilled twice (or more), and aged for at least three years. Single Malt Scotch is generally aged for at least ten years, with some whiskies released at 25 or 30 years of age.

A

As Scotch whisky must be at least 40% abv, most whiskies cannot be aged longer than 30 or 32 years in the barrel.

37
Q

Highlands is the largest region and includes Oban, Glenmorangie, Dalwhinnie and Dalmore among its better-known distilleries

A

Lowlands Scotch is often the lightest and least smoky, making it an ideal aperitif. Glenkinchie, Auchentoshan, and Bladnoch are located in the Lowlands.

38
Q

Speyside, a former subzone of Highlands, is home to a large number of distilleries. Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, and the Macallan are produced in Speyside with water from the river Spey, and are generally milder and fruity in character.

A

Campbeltown is a once-flourishing region that now houses only three distilleries: Glen Scotia, Glengyle, and Springbank.

39
Q

A pronounced peatiness, toasted seaweed character is apparent in Island distilleries. The major Scotch-producing islands- Skye-(Talisker), Jura, Mull, Arran, and Orkney- (Highland Park) What are some other noteable distillers?

A

Finally, the Islay distilleries—including Ardbeg, Lagavulin, and Laphroaig—produce the most peaty, smoky style of Scotch whisky.

40
Q

Irish whiskey is traditionally distilled three times in a pot still, although many are today produced in a continuous still. The whiskey must be aged for a minimum three years prior to release; in practice most whiskies age for at least seven. Name a couple of distilleries.

A

Old Bushmills, Cooley, and New Midleton (the maker of Jameson)
unmalted barley in their whiskies

41
Q

The Irish simply started using a large proportion of unmalted barley in their whiskies- lighter in character. Irish do not rely on peat for fires, so esulting whiskey is less smoky in character than Scotch. The peat-fired, Single Malt _____ produced by Cooley provides the exception.

A

Connemara

42
Q

Canada and Japan also produce whiskey. Canadian rye whiskies are generally blended, and must be aged for _____ years before sale.

A

must be aged for three years before sale

43
Q

Whereas whiskey is distilled from fermented grains,____ uses wine as its source material. In France, it is considered eau de vie—again, the “water of life”—of grapes.

A

Brandy- often presented as a more feminine counterpart to whiskey; in its premier forms the spirit evokes delicate aromas of flowers, fruit, subtle oak and spice.

44
Q

By the EU-Brandy is a distillation of wine—not pomace— min abv of 36% a min oak aging of six months. Brandy may be produced across the world’s viticultural regions, notable production in France, California, Spain, Germany, S America and E.Europe. ____AOC and ___AOC, two delimited regions of brandy production in southwest France, have historically produced the world’s best brandies.

A

Cognac and Armagnac

45
Q

Cognac AOC, northeast of the Bordeaux region. In descending order of quality, the six defined regions of production are?

A

Grande Champagne, Petite Champagne, Borderies, Fins Bois, Bons Bois, and Bois Ordinaires (Bois à Terroirs)
Grande Champagne/Petite Champagne-soft chalk, the outlying appellations have higher proportions of hard limestone, sand and clay

46
Q

Cognac is distilled from low alcohol, acidic base wine produced primarily from ____ (St. Émilion), which accounts for nearly 98% of the vineyard acreage in the appellation.

A

Ugni Blanc

47
Q

Name the two most common grapes besides Ugni Blanc, are permitted but rare. Cognac is distilled twice in a copper Charentais pot still.

A

Folle Blanche, Colombard

48
Q

True or False: The first distillation produces a spirit of 28-32% alcohol called the brouillis. Several batches of brouillis are returned to the boiler to be distilled again, to extract the “soul” of Cognac. The second distillation, or bonne chauffe, is divided into several parts: the tête (heads), coeur (heart), secondes (second cuts) and queue (tails).

A

True

49
Q

Cognac labels may give a designation of age, what are the three designations and aging requirements.

A

VS (“Very Special”) or *** indicates at least two years in cask, VSOP (“Very Special, or Superior, Old Pale”) indicates at least four years in cask, and XO (“Extra Old”) currently indicates at least six years in cask.

50
Q

The Armagnac AOC is located to the southeast of Bordeaux and is divided into three regions of production:

A

Haut-Armagnac, Bas-Armagnac, and Armagnac-Ténarèze.

51
Q

True or False: Armagnac is produced primarily from Ugni Blanc, Colombard, Folle Blanche (Picpoul), and Baco Blanc (the only hybrid grape authorized in any French AOC/P appellation).

A

True- distilled twice in a Charentais pot still, but approximately 95% of brandy from this region undergoes only one distillation in a copper continuous still.

52
Q

in Armagnac the new aging requirements are for the three categories. All producers were required to adopt these new definitions of aging by 2013.

A

VS or *** indicates that the spirit rested in barrel for between 1 and 3 years, VSOP signifies 4 to 9 years of age, and XO or Hors d’Age denotes spirits that spend at least 10 years in barrel.

53
Q

True or False: Vintage bottlings in Armagnac are more common than in Cognac, and must be aged a minimum of ten years in cask before release.

A

True

54
Q

_____is protected designation for brandies produced in the region of sherry and aged in a similar solera method. Distilled in copper stills (alquitaras) from wines based on Airén and Palomino grapes. American oak sherry casks comprise the solera, which allows producers to achieve excellent consistency, What are aging requirements?

A

Brandy de Jerez; Brandies labeled Solera will have been aged for one year on average, whereas Solera Reserva brandies age for an average three years and Solera Gran Reserva brandies age for an average ten years.

55
Q

Portugal produces brandies called aguardente, and the Italian producer Buton makes Cognac-style brandies from Trebbiano grapes—the Italian synonym for Ugni Blanc. ____, a brandy produced in Chile and Peru?

A

Pisco

56
Q

___from (France), ___ (Italy), and ___ (Portugal) are examples of pomace spirits.

A

Marc; grappa; bagaceira

Jacopo Poli and Giannola Nonino, the first to distill a single varietal—Picolit—for grappa

57
Q

_____, an eau de vie distilled from apple and pear cider and produced in the Normandy region of northern France, enjoys three delimited appellations:

A

Calvados–Calvados AOC, Calvados Domfrontais AOC, and Calvados Pays d’Auge AOC
Vieux or Réserve-(3)yrs of age, Vieille Réserve or VSOP with (4)yrs of age, and XO, Hors d’Age, Extra, or Napoléon with a min (6)yrsof age. Youngest Calvados labeled Fine.

58
Q

Eaux de vies include Kirschwasser (Kirsch), made from black cherries, and Poire William, a spirit derived from Williams (Bartlett) pear perry, Raspberry (Framboise (clear spirit); Plum: Slivovitz, Mirabelle, Quetsch, and Prunelle. Fig (Boukha)-national drink of Tunisia, Apricot eau de vie (Barack Palinka) Hungary.

A

Other noteable eau de vies

59
Q

____rum-light rum style (Guyana) spirit is distilled from molasses and sometimes aged for over a decade prior to release. ____, the Brazilian spirit that provides the base for the caipirinha cocktail, is produced from fermented sugarcane and is essentially light rum.

A

Demerara; Cachaça

60
Q

Rhum agricole is a French style, produced mainly on Martinique—the Martinique AOC can claim to be the southernmost Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée in France, despite its location in the sunny Caribbean! Rhum agricole may only be produced from ____; column distillation is mandated in Martinique.

A

sugarcane juice

61
Q

Tequila is a product of Mexico, primarily produced in and around the city of the same name in the western state of _____. The states of Guanajuato, Tamaulipas, Nayarit, and Michoacán also have limited regions of production. Tequila is produced from the fermented juice of the cooked_____, the heart of the blue agave plant.

A

Jalisco; piña (pineapple)
If bottled immediately after distillation– blanco, or silver. Aged 60 days- (1yr) in oak casks–reposado. Añejo maximum of (3yrs) in cask. In 2006 permits Tequila aged a min of (3yrs) in cask to be labeled Extra Añejo.
All Tequila is mezcal, but not all mezcal is Tequila in the state of Oaxaca.

62
Q

True or False: Lower-alcohol bitters, such as Aperol or Campari, make better aperitifs and mixers, whereas higher-alcohol spirits, such as Fernet and Averna, are an after-dinner drink.

A

True

Spirits and Distillation (1 decks)

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