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A&P Lab > Spine And Thorax > Flashcards

Spine And Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE FOUR GROUPS OF MUSCLES OF THE SPINE?

A
  1. Erector Spinae: most superficial
  2. Transversospinalis
  3. Splenii: posterior neck
  4. Suboccipitals: deepest muscles. Base of head
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2
Q

Where does the Erector Spinae run?

A

Sacrum to occiput

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE BRANCHES OF THE ERECTOR SPINAE?

A

Spinalis: lies closest to spine in lamina groove

Longissimus

Iliocostalis

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4
Q

A O I N

                  ERECTOR SPINAE
A

A: laterally flex vertebral column to same side
Extend the vertebral column

O: common tendon that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar and last 2 thoracic vertebrae

I: various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and TVP of thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid process of temporal bone

N: spinal

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5
Q

O I

                  SPINALIS
A

O: Spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae. Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C-7

I: spinous processes of upper thoracic
Spinous processes of cervicals, except C 1

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6
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE ERECTORS?

A

Maintaining upright posture

Returning to anatomical position after tying your shoes

Picking up a heavy suitcase, lateral flexion

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7
Q

O I

                   LONGISSIMUS
A

O: common tendon: thoracics
TVP of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae

I: lower 9 ribs and TVP of thoracic vertebrate
TVP of cervical vertebrae
Mastoid process of temporal bone

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8
Q

O I

             ILIOCOSTALIS
A

O: common tendon (lumborum)
Posterior surface of ribs 1 - 12

I: TVP of lumbar vertebrae 1 - 3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12
Posterior surface of ribs 1-6
TVP of lower cervicals

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9
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 BRANCHES OF TRANSVERSOSPINALIS GROUP?

A

Multitudi: directly accessible in lumbar spine

Rotatores

Semispinalis capitis: along thoracic and cervical vertebrae and reaches cranium. Form speed bumps on posterior neck when extended

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10
Q

A O I N

              MULTIFIDI AND ROTATORES
A

A: rotate vertebral column to opposite side
Extend vertebral column
O: M - sacrum and TVP of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
R - TVP of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae
N: spinal

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11
Q

A O I N

          SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS
A

A: extend vertebral column and head

O: TVP OF C 4 to T 6

I: b/t superior and inferior nuchae lines of occiput

N: cervical

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12
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE TRANSVERSO?

A

Rotating your torso to snap a seatbelt

Arching and rotating your spine during a big yawn

Heaving dirt off a shovel (extension and rotation of spine)w

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13
Q

WHERE ARE THE SPLENIUS CAPITIS AND CERVICIS LOCATED.

A

Upper back and posterior neck

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14
Q

A O I N

            SPLENIUS CAPITIS AND CERVICIS
A

A: rotate head and neck to same side. Laterally flex the head and neck. Extend the head and neck.

O: CAPITIS: inferior one half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C 7 to T 4
CERVICIS: spinous processes of T 3 to T 6

I: CAPITIS: mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
CERVICIS: TVP OF C 1 to C 3

N: cervical

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15
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE YOUR SPLENII?

A

Rotating your head and neck before changing traffic lanes

Applying eye drops (holding your head in lateral flexion)

Crouched over in a huddle

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16
Q

SUBOCCIPITALS

A

Stabilizing atlas and axis.

Deepest muscles of upper posterior neck

17
Q

A O I N

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR

A

A: rock and tilt head back into extension. Rotate the head to the same side

O: spinous process of axis

I: inferior nuchal line of occiput

N: Suboccipitals

18
Q

A O I N

              RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR
A

A: rock and tilt head back into extension

O: tubercle of posterior arch of the atlas

I: inferior nuchal line of the of the occiput

N: Suboccipital

19
Q

A O I N

                    OBLIQUE CAPITIS SUPERIOR
A

A: rock and tilt head back into extension. Laterally flex head to same side

O: TVP of atlas

I: between nuchal lines of occiput

N: Suboccipital

20
Q

A O I N

                      OBLIQUE CAPITIS INFERIOR
A

A: rotate head to same side

O: spinous process of C 2

I: TVP of C 1

N: Suboccipital

21
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE SUBOCCIPITALS?

A

Shampooing hair
Appreciating a large painting from a closes proximity
Nodding your head incessantly

22
Q

A O I N

QUADRATUS  LUMBORUM
A

A: tilt the pelvis. Flex the vertebral column to the same side. Assist to extend the vertebral column. Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation.

O: posterior iliac crest

I: last rib and TVP of 1st through 4th lumbar vertebrae

N: lumbar plexus T12 L1 2 3

23
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE YOUR QL?

A

Hiking up your hip when stepping over a big log

Raising yourself up from a side lying position

24
Q

WHICH AB MUSCLES FORM “WASHBOARD BELLY”?

A

Rectus abdominis

25
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE ABS?

A

A sit up
Belly dancing
Sitting up in bead and reaching over for the alarm clock
Coughing, vomiting, defecating

26
Q

A O I N

                     RECTUS ABDOMINIS
A

A: flex the vertebral column. Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

O: pubic crest, pubic symphysis

I: cartilage of 5th 6th 7th ribs and xiphoid process

N: T5 6 T7-11 T12, ventral rami

27
Q

A O I N

                 EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
A

A: laterally flex vertebral column to same side. Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side. Flex the vertebral column. Compress abdominal contents

O: external surfaces of 5th through 12th ribs

I: anterior part of iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

N: (T5 6) T7-11 T12

28
Q

A O I N

                     INTERNAL OBLIQUE
A

A: laterally flex vertebral column to same side. Rotate vertebral column to same side. Flex the vertebral column. Compress abdominal contents

O: lateral lingual ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

I: internal surface of lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

N: T7 8 T9-12 L1 ioiohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami

A&P Lab (1 decks)

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