Spine and Back #5

Question 1

Spinal canal

Answer 1

hole in vertebrae when they’re stacked up

Question 2

Vertebral Foramen

Answer 2

large hole when it is a single vertebrae

Question 3

Joints of vertebral column

Answer 3

1. vertebral bodies
2. vertebral arches
3. craniovertebral joints
4. costovertebral joints
5. sacro-iliac joints
6. uncovertebral joints

Question 4

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Answer 4

more narrow ligament running on posterior side of vertebral bodies

Question 5

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Answer 5

wider ligament on anterior of vertebral bodies

Question 6

Zygopophyseal/Facet Joints

Answer 6

joints between the facets of joints between vertebrae
-angle of articulation dictates motion available

Question 7

Transverse ligament of atlas

Answer 7

ligament on atlas funning behind the dens of C2

Question 8

Alar Ligament

Answer 8

runs from dens to the anterior part of the anterior arch of C1

Question 9

Innervation of Zygopophyseal/facet joints

Answer 9

posterior ramus of spinal nerve

Question 10

Innervation of the Intervertebral joint

Answer 10

recurrent meningeal nerve

Question 11

Ligamentum Flavum

Answer 11

between each lamina
-lots of separate ones

Question 12

Interspinous Ligaments

Answer 12

between spinous processes

Question 13

Supraspinous Ligaments

Answer 13

on surface of spinous processes

Question 14

Intertransverse Ligaments

Answer 14

between transverse provesses

Question 15

Nuchal Ligament

Answer 15

supraspinous ligament in the cervical spine

Question 16

Superficial Muscles of the Back

Answer 16

latissimus dorsi
rhomboids
-associated with shoulder muscles

Question 17

Intermediate Muscles of the Back

Answer 17

serratus posterior superior and inferior
-control muscles of the thoracic cage

Question 18

Deep muscles of the back

Answer 18

intrinsic muscles associated with the vertebral column, head, and neck
-broken into superficial, intermediate, and deep

Question 19

Superficial intrinsic muscles of the back

Answer 19

spinotransversales
-splenius capitis and cervicis

Question 20

Intermediate Intrinsic muscles of the back

Answer 20

errector spinae muscles

Question 21

Deep intrinsic muscles of the back

Answer 21

semispinalis muscles (cervicis and capitis)
transversospinales
-interspinales and intertranversarii

Question 22

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis innervation

Answer 22

posterior rami of c-spine nerves

Question 23

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Action

Answer 23

unilateral- lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation
bilateral- extension of head and neck

Question 24

Splenius Capitis Attachments

Answer 24

-nuchal ligament and spinous process C7-T4
-superior nuchal line and mastoid process

Question 25

Splenius Cervicis Attachments

Answer 25

-nuchal ligament and spinous process C7-T4 -Tubercles of transverse process C1-4

Question 26

Erector Spinae Attachments -iliocostalis

Answer 26

-iliac crest, sacrum, SI ligament, sacral and lumbar spinous process, and supraspinous ligament -angles of ribs and cervical transverse process

Question 27

Erector Spinae Attachments -longissimus

Answer 27

-iliac crest, sacrum, SI ligament, sacral and lumbar spinous process, and supraspinous ligament -ribs between tubercles and angles, transverse process, and mastoid process

Question 28

Erector Spinae Attachments -spinalis

Answer 28

-iliac crest, sacrum, SI ligament, sacral and lumbar spinous process, and supraspinous ligament -superior spinous process

Question 29

Erector Spinae Muscle Innervation

Answer 29

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 30

Erector Spinae Actions

Answer 30

bilateral- extend vertebral column unilateral- lateral flexion of vertebral column

Question 31

Semispinalis, Multifidus, and Rotatores Attachments

Answer 31

-transverse process -superior spinous process

Question 32

Semispinalis, Multifidus, and Rotatores Innervation

Answer 32

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 33

Semispinalis, Multifidus, and Rotatores Actions

Answer 33

-extension and stabilization of spine -contralateral rotation (semispinalis capitis) -proprioception (multifidus)

Question 34

Minor deep layer of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 34

interspinalis, intertransversarii, and levatores costarum

Question 35

Arterial Supply to Vertebrae

Answer 35

aorta supplies segmental arteries

Question 36

Venous Drainage of vertebrae

Answer 36

segmental veins

Question 37

Spinal Cord Innervation

Answer 37

recurrent meningeal nerve

Question 38

Superomedial Suboccipital Boundary

Answer 38

rectus capitus posterior major

Question 39

Superolateral Suboccipital Boundary

Answer 39

obliquus capitus superior

Question 40

Inferolateral Suboccipital Boundary

Answer 40

obliquus capitus inferior

Question 41

Floor of Suboccipital Boundary

Answer 41

posterior atlanto-occipital membrane posterior arch of C1

Question 42

Roof of Suboccipital Boundary

Answer 42

semispinalis capitis

Question 43

Obliquus Capitus Attachments

Answer 43

-transverse process of C -occipital bone

Question 44

Obliquus Capitis Superior Action

Answer 44

extend head and lateral flexion

Question 45

Obliquus Capitis Inferior Attachments

Answer 45

-posterior tubercle of C2 -transverse process of C1

Question 46

Obliquus Capitis Inferior Action

Answer 46

ipsilateral rotation

Question 47

Rectus capitis posterior major attachements

Answer 47

spinous process of C2

Question 48

Rectus capitis posterior major actions

Answer 48

extension and ipsilateral rotation

Question 49

Rectus capitis posterior minor attachment

Answer 49

spinous process of C1 inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

Question 50

Rectus capitis posterior minor action

Answer 50

extension and ipsilateral rotation

Question 51

Anterior Prevertebral muscles

Answer 51

longus capitis rectus capitis anterior anterior scalene

Question 52

Lateral Prevertebral muscles

Answer 52

middle and posterior scalene splenius capitis levator scapulae

Question 53

Anterior Prevertebral muscles

Answer 53

flexors of head and cervical spine -act bilaterally

Question 54

Middle and posterior scalene actions

Answer 54

lateral flexion or cervical spine elevate ribs

Question 55

Splenius capitis actions

Answer 55

lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of head

Question 56

Anterior blood supply of spinal cord

Answer 56

anterior spinal artery -from vertebral arteries segmental arteries of vertebrae

Question 57

Posterior blood supply of spinal cord

Answer 57

two posterior spinal arteries -from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery