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BPK 241 Lecture > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of vertebrae?

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral + coccyx (fused)

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2
Q

How many vertebras are in the cervical?

A

7

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3
Q

How many vertebras are in the thoracic?

A

12

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4
Q

How many vertebras are in the coccyx?

A

4

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4
Q

How many vertebras are in the lumbar?

A

5

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4
Q

What is the anatomy of the intervertebral discs?

A
  • Lies between vertebral bodies
  • Annulus fibrosus (fibrocartilage)
  • Nucleus pulposus (gel)
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4
Q

How many vertebras are in the sacral?

A

5

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4
Q

What are the features of the spine?

A
  • Spinous process
  • Anterior mass
  • Transverse process
  • Facet joints
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5
Q

What are the functions of the intervertebral discs?

A
  • Stability
  • Cushioning
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5
Q

What are the joints of the intervertebral discs?

A
  • Fibrocartilaginous
  • Synovial, Facet
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5
Q

Which part is the intervertebral disc the thickest?

A

At the front

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5
Q

Does the annulus fibrosis get wider?

A

No, the fibres are angled and changes with alternate layers

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6
Q

How does the nucleus pulposus behave?

A

Hydrostatically

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6
Q

Describe the nucleus pulposus

A

The centre of disc, is like a liquid

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7
Q

What happens when there is compression in the nucleus pulposus?

A
  • Applied load creates outward
  • Pressure in all directions inside the disc
  • Increases the tension in the annulus
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8
Q

For every posture is compression or tension greater in vertical load on the annulus fibrosis?

A

Tension is much greater

9
Q

What are the ligaments of the spine?

A
  • Anterior & Posterior longitudinal ligaments
  • Ligamenta flava
  • Intertransverse ligaments
  • Interspinous & Supraspinous ligaments
10
Q

What do the Anterior & Posterior longitudinal ligaments connect to?

A

Connect vertebral bodies

11
Q

What do the Ligamenta flava connect to?

A

Connect laminae

12
Q

What do the Intertransverse ligaments connect to?

A

Connect transverse processes

13
Q

What do the Interspinous & Supraspinous ligaments connect to?

A

Connect spinous processes

14
Q

What are the muscles of the spine?

A
  • Erector spinae (superficial)
  • Transversospinalis (deep)
15
Q

What are the movements of the spine

A
  • Flexion & extension –> cervical, thoracic, lumbar
  • Lateral flexion (moderate) –> cervical, thoracic (minimal) , lumbar
  • Rotation –> Cervical and thoracic
16
Q
A

BPK 241 Lecture (1 decks)

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