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KINES > SPINE > Flashcards

SPINE Flashcards

1
Q

How many Vertebrae are there

A

33

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2
Q

How many fused vertebrae are there

A

26

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3
Q

What are the 2 fused vertebra

A

Sacrum and Coccyx

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4
Q

How many Intervertebral discs are there

A

23

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5
Q

There are no IVDs where

A

between C1-C2, sacrum and coccyx

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6
Q

2 Normal curves of the Vertebra

A

Primary
Secondary

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7
Q

2 under primary curves

A

Thoracic
Sacral

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8
Q

2 under secondary curves

A

Cervical
Lumbar

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9
Q

curve that you are born woth

A

Primary Curvature

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10
Q

In primary curvature the posterior is? concave or convex?

A

Convex

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11
Q

it is the normal curve which develops

A

Secondary curvature

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12
Q

In secondary curvature the cervical becomes _____ when the baby lifts head

A

posterior concave

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13
Q

in secondary curvature the lumbar becomes ________ when the baby walks

A

posterior concave

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14
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE SPINE

A

SAFES
- Stuctural support
- attachment points
- Flexibility and movement
- encloses and protects
- shock absorbers

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15
Q

True or False. The spine prpvides structural support for the body. It forms the central axis, supporting the weight of the head only.

A

False. Head, torso and upper limbs

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16
Q

True or False. The vertebral column encloses and protects the spine, which is a bundle of nerves responsible for carrying messages between the brain and the body,

A

False. Spinal cord, not spine

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17
Q

True or False. The vertebral column offers a surprising degree of flexibility and movement

A

True

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18
Q

True or False. The IVD, which are located between the transverse processes, act as shock absorbers.

A

False. Vertebral body, not transverse process

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19
Q

True or False. The vertebral column provides attachment points for numerous muscles, which are responsible for movement, posture, and stability

A

True

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20
Q

In a typical vertebra, the anterior portion of a vertebra is called

A

vertebral body

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21
Q

The posterior portion of the vertebra is called

A

Vertebral/neural arch

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22
Q

The neural arch is divided into

A

pedicles and posterior elements

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23
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Body is small and transversely broad. There are no costal facets

A

Cervical

24
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Body is Large and Kidney Shaped. No costal facets.

A

Lumbar

25
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Body is medium sized and heart shaped. Costal facets are present on each side

A

Thoracic

26
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Vertebral foramen is large and triangular

A

Cervical and Lumbar

27
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Vertebral foramen is small and circular

A

Thoracic

28
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Spinous process is short, bifid, and inclined inferiorly

A

Cervical

29
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Spinous process is long and inclined inferiorly

A

Thoracic

30
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Spinous process is short, flat, quadrangular projecting posteriorly

A

Lumbar

31
Q

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Transverse process possesses a foramen transversarium

A

Cervical

32
Q

Type of joint between the facets

A

Zygapophyseal Joint

33
Q

The direction of superior and inferior facet of the cervical vertebrae

A

Superior: superior and medial
Inferior: anterior and lateral

34
Q

The direction of the superior and inferior facet of the thoracic vertebrae

A

Superior: posterior, superior and lateral
Inferior: anterior, inferior, medial

35
Q

The direction of the superior and inferior facet of the lumbar vertebrae

A

Superior: posterior and medial
Inferior: anterior and lateral

36
Q

3 atypical cervical vertebra

A

Atlas
Axis
C7 prominens

37
Q

has a dens

A

axis

38
Q

no body

A

atlas

39
Q

3 atypical vertebra of the thoracic

A

T1
T9
T10-12

40
Q

thoracic which has a costal facet for rib articulqtion

A

T1

41
Q

Thoracic with no inferior demi facet

A

T9

42
Q

Thoracic which have larger bodies and costal facets

A

T10-12

43
Q

Atypical Lumbar Vertebra

A

L5

44
Q

Lumbar which has a larger, wedge shaped body that provides stable base for spine

A

L5

45
Q

These are fobrpcartilaginous cushions located between each vertebra in the spinal column, except for atlas and axis

A

Intervertebral Discs

46
Q

Two functions of IVD

A
  1. Separate two vertebra bodies, increasing available motion
  2. transmit load
47
Q

This is related to both the amount of motion and magnitude of loads

A

Size of the IVD

48
Q

IVD make up about ____-_____ of the length pf the vertebral column

A

20-33%

49
Q

Disc Thickness varies from ______ in the cervical region to ____ in lumbar

A

3mm to 9mm

50
Q

lowest weight bearing loads

A

cervical

51
Q

highest weight bearing loads

A

lumbar

52
Q

What is the disc height ratio

A

The greater the ratio, the greater the available ROM

53
Q

A health IVD typicall has a ratio of ______

A

0.33-0.45

54
Q

3 parts of IVD

A

Nucleus pulposus
Annulus fibrosus
Cartilaginous endplates

55
Q

A central gel like core that provides most of the shock-absorbing properties

A

Nucleus pulposus

56
Q

A tough fibrous outer ring that surrounds the nucleus pulposus and limits its expansion

A

Annulus fibrosus

57
Q

Thin layers of hyaline cartilage at the top and bottom of the disc that anchor it to the vertebrae and allow nutrient diffusion

A

Cartilagnous endplates

KINES (1 decks)

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