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Review Class Finals > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Which vertebrae is known as the axis?

A

C2

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2
Q

What is the name of the tough outer later of the intervertebral discs?

A

Annulus fibrosus

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3
Q

When taking an AP axial projection of the cervicalspine, the CR is directed:

A

15 degrees cephalad

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4
Q

What anatomical structures of the cervical spine are best demonstrated by the lateral projection?

A

Zygapophyseal joints

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5
Q

The atlas is another name for

A

C1

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6
Q

The front leg of the Scottie dog represents the

A

Inferior articular process

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7
Q

On which projection of the spine is the Scottie dog configuration demonstrated?

A

Oblique of the lumbar spine

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8
Q

What is their rationale for using a 72in SID for the lateral projection of the cervical spine?

A

The SID helps to overcome the magnification caused by the increased OID of the position

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9
Q

Which of the following join to form the posterior portion (vertebral arch) of a vertebrae?

A

Pedicle and lamina

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10
Q

What projection of the cervical spine should precede flexion and extension positions?

A

Lateral projection

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11
Q

Which vertebrae have special facets for articulation with the ribs?

A

Thoracic

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12
Q

Which of the following structures are best demonstrated on the lateral projection of the thoracic spine?

A

Intervertebral foramina

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13
Q

What is the breathing technique for the AP or PA image of the spine for scoliosis evaluation?

A

Suspend respiration

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14
Q

The medical condition spondylolisthesis refers to

A

Forward slipping of the vertebrae on the one below it

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15
Q

What is the correct CR angle and entrance point for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

A

10 degrees caudad, 2in superior to pubic symphysis

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16
Q

Right and left bending (lateral flexion) images of the lumbar spine demonstrate the

A

Range of motion of the lumbar spine

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17
Q

The natural curvature of the thoracic spine is

A

Kyphotic

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18
Q

Which position would result in the least OID when the right zygapophyseal joints are the area of interest?

A

RPO

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19
Q

When obtaining a lateral projection of the lumbar vertebrae, it is necessary to support the spine in a horizontal position to:

A

Prevent overlapping of the intervertebral disc spaces

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20
Q

An anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine demonstrates

A

Pedicles and intervertebral foramina

21
Q

Where is the CR entrance point for an AP oblique of the lumbar spine

A

2in medial to ASIS, 1.5 above iliac crest

22
Q

S1/S2 are located at the level of

A

ASIS

23
Q

The posterior portion of the vertebral arch that lies between the transverse process and the spinous process is the

A

Lamina

24
Q

Which structures serve as cushions in the anterior portion of the vertebrae column?

A

Intervertebral discs

25
Q

What type of joints are the zygapophyseal joints ?

A

Diarthroidal gliding

26
Q

Two projections that extend laterally from the junction of the pedicles and lamina are the

A

Transverse processes

27
Q

The superior articular processes of C1 articulate with

A

The base of the skull

28
Q

The cervical spinous processes have what unique characteristic

A

Bifid tip

29
Q

The zygapophyseal joints are best seen in what projection of the cervical spine?

A

Lateral

30
Q

The thoracic spine have ____ for rib articulation

A

Facets/demifacets

31
Q

What type of joints are the costovertebral joints (think movement of breathing)

A

Diarthroidal gliding

32
Q

The intervertebral foramina are located at 90 degrees to the sagittal plane in the thoracic spine so they are best seen from what perspective/projection?

A

Lateral

33
Q

The intervertebral foramina are best seen from what perspective in the lumbar spine?

A

Lateral

34
Q

Which portion of the thoracic spine forms the ears of the Scottie dog

A

Superior articular process

35
Q

Which portion of the thoracic spine forms the neck of the Scottie dog

A

Pars interarticularis

36
Q

What structures come together to form the SI joints?

A

Sacrum and ilium

37
Q

Why do we use a 72in SID for a lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae

A

To make up for the increase in OID

38
Q

For an AP oblique projection of the cervical spine, what is the angle of the CR

A

15 degrees cephalad

39
Q

For a PA projection of the cervical spine, what is the angle of the CR?

A

15 degrees caudad

40
Q

Which side of the intervertebral foramina are seen on the AP oblique of the cervical spine

A

The side farthest from IR

41
Q

Which side of the intervertebral foramina are seen on the PA projection of the cervical spine ?

A

The side closest to the

42
Q

Where does the CR enter for an AP of the thoracic spine

A

T7

43
Q

What are the breathing instructions for the AP thoracic spine

A

Suspend on expiration

44
Q

What are the breathing instructions for a lateral projection of the thoracic spine?

A

Perform shallow breathing

45
Q

Where does the CR enter on a PA projection of the lumbar spine

A

Level of iliac crest

46
Q

Why are the AP oblique projections preferred for the lumbar spine?

A

They demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints and pars interarticularis of the side nearest the IR

47
Q

How much is the central ray angled for the Ap axial lumbosacral

A

Angled 30-35 cephalad

48
Q

The PA oblique SI joint shows which side of joint

A

Closest to IR

Review Class Finals (9 decks)

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