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orthotics > spinal orthoses > Flashcards

spinal orthoses Flashcards

1
Q

orthotic goals

A

correction, accommodation, stabilize, reduce pain

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2
Q

correction goal

A
  • for flexible deformity
  • restore follower load
  • reduce moment
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3
Q

how do we measure correction? success?

A

measure by doing a Cobb angle

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4
Q

accommodation goal

A
  • for fixed deformity
  • want to prevent deformity from progressing
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5
Q

stabilization goal

A
  • limit gross vertebral sway
  • decrease moment
  • increase load carrying capacity
  • ex: fractures
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6
Q

reduce pain goal condition examples

A

spondylylosis and spondylothesis

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7
Q

free desired control

A

motion is free
- ex: elastic binder

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8
Q

stop desired control

A

posterior component that stops ext

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9
Q

hold desired control

A

limiting motion throughout entire plane
- ex: burst fracture

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10
Q

hold-variable desired control

A

mainly used for transverse plane; allows best chance at managing rotary deformities

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11
Q

list of biomechanical principles of spinal orthoses

A
  • end-point control
  • total contact
  • three point pressure system
  • kinesthetic reminder
  • increased intracavitary pressure
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12
Q

what is end-point control

A

motion control of a free body

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13
Q

what theory is associated with end-point control

A

Euler’s theory

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14
Q

critical load definition

A

upper limit of a load that the spine can withstand before it bends

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15
Q

end-point control application

A

scoliosis to increase stability

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16
Q

end-point control explanation for curve progression during height/weight changes

A

10% increase in height or weight changes leads to an automatic 20% decrease in the critical load or spinal stability

17
Q

total contact purpose

A

applying forces to get correction
- pressure = force/area

18
Q

what is the three-point pressure system

A

2 forces going in the same direction and the 3rd force going in an equal and opposite direction

19
Q

what is the purpose of a three-point pressure system

A
  • trying to limit motion
  • encourage person to withdraw from the stimulus
  • introducing a higher shear to moment ratio
20
Q

three-point pressure system application

A

used with someone who has a compression fracture

21
Q

alternative to three-point pressure system

A
  • introduces a more bending moment and taking away the shear
  • more comfortable for patient
  • designed into an extended position
22
Q

alternative to three-point pressure application

A

good for kyphosis

23
Q

kinesthetic reminder purpose

A
  • reminder to move in a manner slower than normal
  • creates a stimulus to withdraw
24
Q

increased intra-cavitary pressure purpose

A
  • trying to achieve a reduction in discal pressure
25
Q

which pathologies do you want to put into an extended position

A

burst fracture, seatbelt fracture, disc herniation, or compression fracture

26
Q

which pathologies do you want to put into a flexed position

A

spondylolysis, spondylylothesis, central stenosis, or lateral stenosis

27
Q

corset biomechanical properties

A

total contact, kinesthetic reminder, increased intracavitary pressure, modified three point pressure system

28
Q

corset pathologies

A

muscle strain, post-surgical, low back pain, maternity

29
Q

which spinal orthosis is the least effective at limiting gross trunk motion

A

corsets

30
Q

total contact biomechanical principles

A

three point pressure system, end-point control, kinesthetic reminder, increased intracavitary pressure

31
Q

how do you don/doff a total contact spinal system

A

in supine to reduce axial load on the spine

32
Q

idiopathic adolescent scoliosis gender and curve progression

A

females, the bigger the curve the more likely it will progress

33
Q

TLSO location

A

T7 and below

34
Q

CTLSO location

A

T7 and above

35
Q

idiopathic adolescent scoliosis mechanisms to manage curves

A

curve correction, end-point control, and transverse load

36
Q

how long should you wear an orthosis per day

A

more than 6 hours but less than 18 hours

37
Q

greatest influence on patient compliance regarding wearing of the orthosis

A
  • difficulty paying attention in school
  • emotional about having to wear orthosis
  • problems with eating
  • difficulty in sitting
  • breathing
  • look worse in clothes
38
Q

neuromuscular scoliosis population

A

spina bifida, non-ambulatory

39
Q

what is cast syndrome

A

loss of extension or lordosis

orthotics (4 decks)

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