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Spinal Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

Part of skull where dura mater is fused with endosteum

A

Base of skull around foramen magnum

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2
Q

Distal to the foramen magnum, within the vertebral column, the ____ is distinct from the tissues that line the vertebral canal

A

Dura mater

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3
Q

Separates dura mater from tissues that line vertebral canal

A

Epidural space

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4
Q

Forms a tube whose upper end is attached to the edge of the foramen magnum

A

Spinal dura mater

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5
Q

To what vertebral bodies does the spinal dura mater attach to?

A

Posterior surfaces of 2nd and 3rd cervical vertebral bodies

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6
Q

Bands that attach dural tube to posterior longitudinal ligament, especially towards caudal end

A

Fibrous bands

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7
Q

At what part of the vertebral column does the dural tube narrow

A

Lower border of second sacral vertebra

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8
Q

The fusion of what structures closes the epidural space above

A

Spinal dura with edge of foramen magnum

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9
Q

Epidural space is closed below by what ligament?

A

Posterior sacrococcygeal ligament that closes sacral hiatus

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10
Q

These connect the theca with the lining tissue of the vertebral canal which are best developed anteriorly and laterally

A

Meningovertebral ligaments (fine fibrous bands)

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11
Q

These tether the nerve root sheaths within their canals

A

Meningovertebral ligaments

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12
Q

At what levels is there a midline attachment from the posterior spinal dura to the ligamentum nuchae?

A

Atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial levels

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13
Q

Consists of longitudinally arranged chains of vessels connected by circumdural venous rungs

A

Venous plexus

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14
Q

Anterior veins receive the?

A

Basivertebral veins

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15
Q

True or False: The shape of the space within each spinal segment is uniform

A

False

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16
Q

Segmental pattern is ______ repeated

A

Metamerically

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17
Q

At what region of the spinal cord is the is the dura mater apposes to the walls of the vertebral canal

A

Lumbar region

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18
Q

True or False: Adipose tissue is present in the epidural space.

If true, where?

A

Present posteriorly in recesses between the ligamentum flavum and the dura

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19
Q

Root sheaths are partially tethered to walls of the foramina through?

A

Meningovertebral ligaments

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20
Q

Paravertebral spaces of each side communicate via the? What level?

A

Epidural space - lumbar levels

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21
Q

Potential space in the NORMAL spine because the arachnoid and dura are closely apposed

A

Subdural space

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22
Q

It does not connect with the subarachnoid space but continues for a short distance along the cranial and spinal nerves

A

Subdural space

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23
Q

Injection of fluid to the subdural space may cause?

A

Direct toxic effects

Compression of vasculature

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24
Q

Surrounds the spinal cord and continuous with the cranial arachnoid mater

A

Spinal arachnoid mater

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25
Closely applied to the deep aspect of the dura mater
Arachnoid mater
26
Site where arachnoid space is reflected on to the surface
Where vessels and nerves enter subarachnoid space
27
Name of cells formed by the reflection of arachnoid mater at the entry of vessels and nerves to the subarachnoid space
Leptomeningeal cells
28
Angle formed as nerves pass through the dura into the intervertebral foramina
Subarachnoid angle
29
Layers of leptomeninges
Arachnoid and pia
30
Point where leptomeningeal layers fuse and become continuous with the perineurium
Subarachnoid angle
31
Closely invests the surface of the spinal cord and passes into the ventral median fissure
Spinal pia mater
32
This layer of the subpial space is thicker than it is in the cerebral region
Subpial collagenous layer
33
The subpial collagenous later is continuous with the collagenous core of?
Ligamentum denticulatum (denticulate ligament)
34
It is a flat, fibrous sheet on either side of the spinal cord between ventral and dorsal spinal roots
Ligamentum denticulatum
35
The medial border of the ligamentum denticulatum is continuous with the?
Subpial connective tissue of the spinal cord
36
The lateral border of Ligamentum denticulatum forms a series of ______, the apices of which are fixes at the intervals of the dura mater
Triangular processes
37
The first lugamentum denticulatum crosses behind which artery, where it is attached to the dura mater?
Vertebral artery
38
The vertebral artery separates the ligamentum denticulatum from the?
First cervical ventral root
39
Site of attachment of ligamentum denticulatum to the dura mater
Above the rim of the foramen magnum Behind hypoglossal nerve
40
What nerve ascends on the posterior aspect of the ligamentum denticulatum?
Accessory nerve
41
Last of the dentate ligaments lies between what spinal nerves?
Exiting 12th thoracic and 1st lumbar spinal nerves
42
A narrow oblique band that descends laterally from the conus medullaris
Dentate ligaments (last parts)
43
Beyond conus medullaris, pia mater continues as
Coating of the filum terminale
44
This layer is concentrated in the dorsal and ventral regions and forms a highly perforated, lace-like structure that is focally compacted to form dorsal, dorsolateral, and ventral ligaments of the spinal cord
Intermediate later
45
Dorsally, the intermediate layer is adherent to the
Deep aspect of arachnoid mater
46
The ____ forms a series of discontinuous dorsal ligaments that attach the spinal cord to the _____.
Intermediate layer Arachnoid
47
These ligaments are more delicate and fenestrated (compared to dorsal ligaments), and they extend from the dorsal roots to the parietal arachnoid
Dorsolateral ligaments
48
The intermediate layer spreads laterally over the ——— then becomes increasingly perforated and eventually disappears
Dorsal surface of dorsal roots
49
At what aspect of the spinal cord is intermediate layer less substantial?
Ventral aspect
50
True or False: ventral aspect has a similar arrangement of intermediate layer with the dorsal aspect
True
51
It is structurally similar to the trabeculae that cross the cranial subarachnoid space (has a collagenous core coated by leptomeningeal cells)
Intermediate layer
52
May act as a baffle within the subarachnoid space to dampen waves of CSF movement in vertebral canal
Intermediate layers of leptomeninges
53
Inflammation within spinal subarachnoid space may result in
Extensive fibrosis within intermediate layer Complications of chronic arachnoiditis
54
Each root pierces the dura separately taking a sleeve of what meningeal layer
Arachnoid
55
Dural sheaths of the spinal nerves fuse with the ____ within or slightly beyond the intervertebral foramina
Epineurium
56
True or False: The arachnoid prolongations within the nerve sheaths extend as far as distally as their dural coverings.
False
57
True or False: The subarachnoid space and the CSF contained within arachnoid prolongations extend distally to form root sleeve for each nerve
True
58
Shortening or obstruction of root sleeve indicates
Compression of the spinal nerve
59
At what level of the spinal column are the nerves short and the vertebral movement greatest?
Cervical level
60
At what level of the spinal cord are the dural sheaths tethered to the periosteum off the adjacent transverse processes
Cervical level
61
At what region of the spinal column is less tethering of the dura to the periosteum
Lumbosacral region
62
True or False: There may be an attachment anteriorly to the facet joint capsule of the dura to the periosteum at the lumbosacral region
False - POSTERIORLY
63
Composed mainly of tough fibrous tissue with some elastic fibers
Spinal dura mater
64
Outermost covering of the spinal cord
Dura mater
65
Separates the spinal dura mater from the periosteum and ligaments covering vertebral canal
Epidural space
66
This space is occupied by the internal vertebral venous plexus embedded in a fatty matrix (epidural fat)
Epidural space
67
Epidural space terminates superiorly at and laterally at?
Foramen magnum IV foramina
68
A long tubular sheath within vertebral canal
Spinal dural sac
69
Adheres to the margin of the foramen magnum of the cranium and continuous with the same cranial layer
Spinal dural sac
70
The spinal epidural sac is anchored inferiorly to the coccyx by
Filum terminale externum (coccygeal ligament)
71
What evaginates the spinal dural sac
Pair of posterior and anterior roots
72
Tapering lateral extensions of the spinal dura surrounding each pair of posterior and anterior nerve roots
Dural root sheaths
73
Dural root sheaths blend with epineurium DISTAL or PROXIMAL to spinal ganglia
DISTAL
74
What innervates the spinal dura mater
Recurrent meningeal nerves
75
Recurrent meningeal nerves are - sympa or parasympa? Afferent or efferent? They are —— receptors.
Sympathetic Afferent Pain receptors
76
A delicate membrane composed of fibrous and elastic tissue
Spinal arachnoid mater
77
Spinal arachnoid mater is: Vascular or Avascular
Avascular
78
Lines the spinal dural sac and its dural root sheaths
Spinal arachnoid mater
79
Encloses the CSF-filled subarachnoid space containing spinal nerve roots and spinal ganglia
Spinal arachnoid mater
80
True or False: The spinal arachnoid is attached to the spinal dura
FALSE -not attached
81
What keeps spinal arachnoid mater attached to spinal dura
Pressure of the CSF
82
Apposition of dura and arachnoid
Dura-arachnoid interface (often erroneously referred to as subdural space)
83
True or False: There is no space at the dura-arachnoid interface, rather it is a weak cell layer
True
84
What separates the spinal arachnoid from the pia mater on the surface of the spinal cord
Subarachnoid space
85
Delicate strands of connective tissue that span the subarachnoid space connecting the spinal arachnoid and pia
Arachnoid trabeculae
86
Innermost covering membrane of the spinal cord
Spinal pia mater
87
Think and translucent and closely follows all the surface features of the spinal cord
Spinal pia mater
88
Directly covers roots of the spinal nerves and BVs
Spinal pia mater
89
Spinal cord is suspended in the dural sac by
Filum terminale Right and left denticulate ligaments
90
These fibers run longitudinally along each side of the spinal cord
Denticulate ligaments
91
Consists of fibrous sheet of pia mater extending midway between posterior and anterior nerve roots from the lateral surfaces of the spinal cord
Denticulate ligaments
92
How many processes of denticulate ligaments are there?
20-22
93
These attach to the inner surface of the arachnoid-lined dural sac
Denticulate ligaments processes
94
The most superior process of the denticulate ligament attaches to the cranial dura immediately superior to the
foramen magnum
95
Inferior process of denticulate ligament extends from —— between what nerve roots?
Conus medullaris T12 and L1
96
Located between arachnoid and pia mater
Subarachnoid space
97
True or False: The subdural space is filled with CSF
False - It is the subarachnoid space
98
Enlargement of the subarachnoid space in the dural sac caudal to the conus medullaris and containing CSF and the CAUDA EQUINA
Lumbar cistern
99
Extends from L2 vertebra to the second segment of the sacrum
Subarachnoid space
100
Naturally occurring space between arachnoid and pia mater
Subarachnoid (leptomeningeal)
101
Contents of subarachnoid space
CSF; radicular, segmental, medullary, spinal arteries, veins, arachnoid trabeculae
102
Contents of epidural space
Fat (loose CT), internal vertebral venous plexus, inferior to L2 vertebra, ensheathes roots of spinal nerves

Anatomy (6 decks)

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