spinal cord, development, cranial nerves,blood flow Flashcards
Which functional type(s) of neurons are present in the posterior rami of the spinal nerves?
sensory adn motor
which of the following are derived from neural crest cells
dorsal root ganglia, adrenal medulla, melanocytes, enteric nervous system
Parasympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are located in which regions?
brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord
neural crest cells are derived from which region of germ layer
ectoderm
Which of the following arteries supplies the medial surface of the frontal and parietal lobes of the cerebrum?
anterior cerebral
The rate of folding of the cerebral cortex is accelerated in which trimester?
third
Which region of the developing spinal cord contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons?
alar plate
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic neurons to the pancreas?
vagus
Which meningeal layer is not derived from neural crest cells?
dura mater
The axons of sensory neurons are found in which roots of the spinal cord?
dorsal (posterior)
Neurulation, which is the formation of the neural tube, is completed by the end of the ________ week.
4th
The axons of preganglionic sympathetic neurons enter the sympathetic trunk through which of the following structures?
white rami communicates
The middle cerebral artery is a branch of which of the following arteries?
internal carotid
The inferior sagittal sinus will drain into which of the following sinuses?
straight sinus
What nerve are you testing when you ask someone to wrinkle their forehead?
facial
Adrenal medulla cells are innervated by which of the following types of neurons?
preganglionic sympathetic
The end of the spinal cord would be at which vertebral level in an adult?
l1-l2
Which cranial nerve receives visceral sensory information from the aortic arch stretch receptors and aortic body?
vagus
Which nerves travel through the cavernous sinus?
abducent nerve and sympathetic nerves
Sympathetic postganglionic axons traveling to the head will follow which pathway?
Carotid plexus on the carotid arteries and vertebral nerves on the vertebral arteries
The pons is derived from which of the following secondary brain vesicles?
metencephalon
The internal vertebral plexus of veins is located in the _____ space.
epidural
Which cranial nerves innervate muscles that move the eye?
Abducens, Oculomotor and Trochlear
The lateral ventricles are within which part of the brain?
cerebral hemispheres
Which cranial nerve receives information about the special sense of smell?
olfactory n
The denticulate ligaments are extensions of which meningeal layer?
pia mater
Which part of the cerebellum is involved in maintaining balance?
vestibulocerebellum
Which of the following glial cells are involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells
In the thoracic region, which arteries send spinal branches to the spinal cord?
Posterior intercostal
The cerebral commissures begin to develop in which week?
7TH
Sensory information from the tentorium cerebelli will be carried in which of the following nerves?
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
Second-order sensory axons will synapse on which of the following neurons
3RD
Closure of the neural tube begins at the ____ of the neural tube.
MIDDLE
The anterior spinal artery is a branch of the _____ artery.
VERTEBREAL
The anterior communicating artery connects which two arteries?
Left and right anterior cerebral arteries
The cell bodies of autonomic preganglionic neurons are found in which horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord?
LATERAL
The superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain into which sinus?
CAVERNOUS
The cerebral aqueduct travels through which part of the brain?
MIDBRAIN
The midbrain develops from which of the following primary brain vesicles?
Mesencephalon
Which region of the developing spinal cord contains the commissural tracts?
roof and floor
Which of the following is the correct order of the cranial meninges from external to internal?
periosteal dura mater, meningeal dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Which space is between the dura mater and arachnoid mater?
subdural
Which layer contains the axons of neurons?
marginal
The neural tube is originally composed of which type of tissue?
Pseudostratified neuroepithelium
In the abdominal region, which veins receive blood from the intervertebral veins draining blood from the spinal cord?
lumbar
Which of the following folds separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?
tentorium cerebelli
Which cranial nerve receives visceral sensory information from the stomach?
vagus
Which cranial nerve receives somatic sensory information from the forehead?
trigeminal n
The cell bodies of second order sensory neurons are found in which horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord?
dorsal (posterior)
Upper somatic motor neuron cell bodies are found in which of the following regions?
cerebral cortex
The sphincter pupillae muscle within the iris of the eye is innervated by which nerve?
oculomotor
Which of the following layers is internal to the subarachnoid space?
pia mater
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic neurons that will supply the parotid gland?
glossopharyngeal
Which is the correct order for the pathway of sympathetic innervation to the skin of the back?
Lateral horn of the spinal cord, ventral root, spinal nerve, anterior rami, white rami communicantes, sympathetic trunk, gray rami communicantes, posterior rami
The sympathetic supply to the lungs is derived from which region of the sympathetic trunk?
thoracic
