Spinal Cord Flashcards by Mirinisa Cavaneyro | Brainscape

Q

Lies within the vertebral canal

A

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The spinal cord is protected by three surrounding fibrous membranes called

A

Meninges

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The spinal cord is held in position on EACH SIDE by the

A

Denticulate ligament

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The spinal cord is held in position INFERIORLY by the

A

Filum terminale

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The anterior part of the spinal cord contains which kinds of root?

A

Motor Roots

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The posterior part of the spinal cord contains which kinds of root?

A

Sensory Roots

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The spinal cord terminates in the adult at the level of

A

Lower border of first Lumbar vertebra

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

T or F:

The gray matter of the spinal cord is inside

A

True

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Laminae of Rexed -groupings:

Located in the posterior horn

A

Laminae I-VI

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Laminae of Rexed -groupings:

Located at the lateral horn

A

Lamina VII

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Laminae of Rexed -groupings:

Located at the anterior horn

A

Laminae VIII and IX

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Laminae of Rexed -groupings:

Gray substance surrounding the central canal

A

Lamina X

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ascending Tract:

Position sense
2 pt discrimination
Fine, discriminative
Vibration sense
Stereognosis

A

Dorsal/Posterior Column

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ascending Tract:

Touch and Pressure

A

Anterior Spinothalamic Tract

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ascending Tract:

Pain and Temperature

A

Lateral Spinothalamic Tract

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Provides voluntary controlof skeletal muscles

A

Pyramidal System

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The pyramidal system which provides voluntary control of skeletal muscles consists of:

A

Corticobulbar
Lateral Corticospinal
Anterior Corticospinal

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

The pyramidal cells can be found at the

A

Primary motor cortex

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Axons of pyramidal cells descend in the

A

Internal capsule

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

T or F:

Axons extend into the brainstem and spinal cord to synapse on lower motor neurons

A

True

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Located at the lower medulla, axons decussate the midline to enter on the oppositeside of the SC

A

LCST

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Descending pathways referred to as

A

Upper Motor Neurons

Q

Motor cellsin the Anterior gray hornof the SCand motor nucleiof the cranialnervesare the final common pathwaysfor the control of skeletal muscle activity; referred to as

A

Lower Motor Neurons

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Paralysis is spastic

A

UMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Clonus (+)

A

UMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Pathologic Reflexes (+)

A

UMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Muscle Tone is decreased

A

LMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Paralysis is Flaccid

A

LMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Atrophy (+)

A

LMNL

Q

Signs of Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL or LMNL)

Muscle tone is increased

A

UMNL

Q

Lesion of Corticospinal Tract (Contra/ipsilateral)

Above the level of decussation

A

Contralaterally

Q

Lesion of Corticospinal Tract (Contra/ipsilateral)

Below the level of decussation

A

Ipsilaterally

Q

Paralysis of all four extremities

A

Quadriplegia

Q

Bilateral cervical spinal cord damage C4 –C6 may result in paralysis of

A

All four extremities

Quadriplegia

Q

Unilateral spinal cord lesionsin thoraciclevels may result in

A

Paralysis of the ipsilateral lower extremity

Monoplegia

Q

If the thoracic spinal cord damage is bilateral

A

Both lower extremities may be paralyzed

Paraplegia

Q

Follows acute damage to the Spinal cord; temporary interruption of the function of SC following injury

A

Spinal Shock

Q

Time frame of spinal shock

A

less than 24 hrs or may persist for as long as 1 to 4 weeks

Q

Determination of spinal shock is by testing the activity of the

A

Anal sphincter reflex

Q

Signs and Symptoms of SPINAL SHOCK

A

Flaccid, areflexic paralysis

Complete loss of sensation

Loss of autonomic function

Loss of reflex activity -paralysis of the bladder and rectum

Q

Progressive cavitation around the central canal; loss of pain & temperature sensationsin hands & forearm ( common in cervical)

A

Syringomyelia

Q

Attacks the anterior horn cellsleading to LMNL

A

Poliomyelitis

Q

Caused by neurosyphilis; dorsal root involvement with secondary degeneration of dorsal columns( loss of vibration and position sense)

A

Tabes Dorsalis

Q

Pure motor diseaseinvolving the degeneration of anterior horn cells(LMNL) and corticospinal tract(UMNL); NO sensory loss

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Q

Caused by vitamin B12 deficiency; degeneration of posteriorand lateral columns( loss of position sense and vibration in legs associated with UMNL)

A

Subacute combined degeneration

Q

It is a spinal cord hemisection

A

Brown-Sequard’s syndrome

Q

Contralateral loss of pain & temperature
Ipsilateral loss of proprioception
Ipsilateral manifestations of upper and
lower motor neuron lesions

A

Brown-Sequard’s syndrome

Q

Area of the skin supplied by the somatosensoryfibers from a single spinal nerve

A

Dermatomes

Q

Useful in localizing the levels of lesions

A

Dermatomes

Q

LOSS OF PAIN AND THERMAL SENSATIONS on the CONTRALATERAL SIDE about 1 –2 segments below the level of the lesion

A

Anterolateral System

Q

Clinical Signs of Injury to the Lemniscal Pathway

A

Inability to recognize limb position
Astereognosis
Loss of two point discrimination
Loss of vibration sense
(+) Romberg sign

Q

A patient who can stand with feet together and the eyes open, but who sways and falls when the eyes are closed

A

(+) Romberg sign

Q

Sign that indicates an absence of position sensein the lower limbs

A

Romberg Sign