Spinal Anatomy - Exam 2 Flashcards
Identify the additional name that is given to “Developmental/age variation”
Oncogenic variation
Identify the additional name that is given to “Individual variation”
Idiosyncratic variation
Identify the additional name that is given to “gender variation”
Sexual dimorphism
Identify the additional name that is given to “ethnicity/locational variation”
Geographic variation or Population based variation
For the articular facet orientation listed, identify (a) which facet is implied (superior or inferior) and (b) all vertebrae which demonstrate that orientation:
Back, Up, Medial
Superior
C1
C3-C7
L1-L5
S1
For the articular facet orientation listed, identify (a) which facet is implied (superior or inferior) and (b) all vertebrae which demonstrate that orientation:
Forward, Down, Medial
Inferior
C7
T1-T11
For the articular facet orientation listed, identify (a) which facet is implied (superior or inferior) and (b) all vertebrae which demonstrate that orientation:
Back, Down, Medial
Inferior
C1
List, in order, the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal canal from occiput to Co1.
- Membrana tectoria
- Posterior longitudinal ligament
- Deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
For the segment listed, identify the total number of vertebral body joints as stressed in class:
C1
0
For the segment listed, identify the total number of vertebral body joints as stressed in class:
C7
8
For the segment listed, identify the total number of vertebral body joints as stressed in class:
T1
10
For the segment listed, identify the total number of vertebral body joints as stressed in class:
T10
8
For the segment listed, identify the total number of vertebral body joints as stressed in class:
L1
6
At what vertebral level is dimpling of the back at the spinous process location observed?
T10
How are (a) the spinal nerve number and (b) the rib number related to vertebral numbers in a typical thoracic intervertebral foramen?
a. Spinal nerve number same as vertebra above
b. Rib number same as vertebral number below
What osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?
a. Decrease shingling (overlap) of lamina
b. Decrease imbrication (overlap) of spinous process
Identify the functions of the cervical Hoffmann ligaments as discussed in class.
- Resist gravitational pull on dura in neutral position
2. Resist caudal pull on dura during motion
What are the names given to the condition present when AP X-ray reveals a right zygapophysis in the coronal plane and the left zygapophysis of the same vertebral couple in the sagittal plane?
- Joint tropism
2. Joint asymmetry
Identify the unique name/names given ONLY to the following:
C2
Axis, Epistropheus
Identify the unique name/names given ONLY to the following:
C7
Vertebra Prominens
Identify the unique name/names given ONLY to the following:
T11
Anticlinal vertebra
What forms the unique osseous anterior boundary for the intervertebral foramen accommodating the exit of the seventh cervical spinal nerve? Vertebral level of each feature is a requirement in your answer.
- Lateral groove of C6
2. Uncinate process of C7
Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?
Two-toed sloth, Manatee
Most of the gray matter of the spinal cord is directly supplied by which artery?
Anterior perforating artery
Which spinal nerves typically originate from the lumbar enlargement?
L1-S3
What is the name given to the first indicator of where the IVD will be located?
Intrasclerotomal fissure
What are the vascular components of the epidural space?
Anterior and posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
Anterior and posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
Basivertebral vein
Which vertebra is associated with arthrodial, trochoid, ellipsoidal, and syndesmosis joint classifications?
C1
The ________ forms a feature unique to the second rib.
Serratus anterior muscle
The _______ joint is an example of a diarthrosis trochoid joint
Median atlanto-axial
Which ligament will be present at the twelfth rib?
Superior costotransverse ligament
What is the first embryological indicator of the intervertebral disc?
Intrasclerotomal fissure
What term may result in the X-ray appearance of the collared Scotty dog?
Spondylolysis
What ligament will attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?
Costocentral radiate ligament
What joint classification is unique to all thoracic vertebral bodies?
Arthrodia
What is the classification of the odontoid process when the tip of the dens is pulled forward?
Kyphotic dens
Which muscle-bone attachment site is correct?
Multifidis - Mammillary process of L4
In males, the C1 transverse diameter is about _____ millimeters, the distance from the transverse process to the skin is about _____ millimeters.
78, 30
What is characteristic of the C5/C6 vertebral couple region (compared with other typical cervical vertebral couples)?
Cervical spondylolysis is more common in males at this level.
What will be present near the ligamentum flavum?
Posterior spinal canal artery
In general, variations of skeletal material along the vertebral column will be more common in men at locations that are ______ than those for women.
Lower
Which cranial nerve requires a horizontal plane at its terminal site?
CN II
The obliquus capitis inferior is the only muscle attaching to the _______ of the vertebra.
Lamina
Which feature - vertebral segment combination is LEAST likely to occur?
Uncovertebral process - C2
