Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Integrated Med > Spinal > Flashcards

Spinal Flashcards

1
Q

What is complete spinal cord injury

A

No motor or sensory function below injury level

Bulbocavernosus reflex still present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is incomplete spinal cord injury

A

Some motor or sensory function below injury level
- voluntary anal contraction
- palpable / visible muscle contraction
- perianal sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is neurogenic shock

A

Loss of autonomic tone causing haemodynamic changes
Due to spinal cord injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Symptoms of neurogenic shock

A

Occurs if injury above T5

  • hypotension
  • bradycardia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Management of neurogenic shock

A

Lasts 3d-3w
Vasoactive drugs and close monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathogenesis of spinal shock

A

Caused by spinal cord injury
- loss of spinal reflexes causing flaccid areflexia and paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symptoms of spinal shock

A

Hypotension and bradycardia
Absent reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Management of spinal shock

A

Lasts weeks - months
Bladder and bowel management
Monitor for respiratory difficulty
Monitor for fever (cannot perspire where paralysed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the descending tracts of the spinal cord

A

Tracts to upper limbs = medial
Tracts to lower limbs = lateral

Corticospinal = voluntary movement of ipsilateral limbs, mainly in posterior half of spinal cord
- most decussate in brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the ascending tracts of the spinal cord

A

Tracts to upper limbs = lateral
Tracts to lower limbs = medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of lateral spinothalamic

A

Pain and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of dorsal column medial lemniscus

A

Fine touch and proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does dorsal column medial lemniscus decussate

A

Brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does lateral spinothalamic decussate

A

2-3 levels above where they enter the cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does damage to DCML cause

A

Ipsilateral loss of fine touch, vibration and proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does injury to spinothalamic cause

A

Contralateral pain and temperature loss

17
Q

What is brown sequard syndrome

A

Hemisection of the spinal cord

18
Q

Symptoms of brown sequard syndrome

A

Loss of ipsilateral motor and fine touch / proprioception below level injured
Loss of contralateral temperature / pain 2-3 levels below injured

19
Q

Cause of brown sequard syndrome

A

Penetrating trauma eg gunshot wound

20
Q

What is central cord syndrome

A

Injury to central grey matter of cord

21
Q

Symptoms of central cord syndrome

A

Loss of motor function in upper limbs > lower limbs
Variable sensory loss

22
Q

Cause of central cord syndrome

A

Pre existing cervical spondylosis + hyper extension injury

23
Q

What is anterior cord syndrome

A

Injury to anterior part of the cord

24
Q

Symptoms of anterior cord syndrome

A

Pain and temp bilaterally affected
Loss of motor function in lower limbs > upper limbs (lateral motor tracts affected)
Sparing of fine touch and proprioception

25
Q

Cause of anterior cord syndrome

A

Ischaemic damage via injury of anterior spinal artery
Burst fracture: crushed vertebral body pushed Posteriorly into cord

26
Q

What is posterior cord syndrome

A

Injury to posterior part of the cord

27
Q

Symptoms of posterior cord syndrome

A

Fine touch and proprioception lost below damage (bilateral if both columns affected)
Sparing of motor function

28
Q

Cause of posterior cord syndrome

A

Neck hyperflexion
B12 deficiency
Posterior spinal artery infarct

29
Q

Immediate evaluation / management of spinal cord injury

A
  1. Triple immobilised : manual inline stabilisation, back board for transport
  2. Consider intubation if injury above C5
  3. Pain management
30
Q

On admission management of spinal cord injury

A

C spine imaging : CT / X-ray
Prophylaxis: VTE, pressure sore prevention
Monitor: BP, urine output and bowel function

31
Q

Definitive management of spinal cord injury

A

Reduce pressure / decompress cord eg remove osteophytes
Stabilise - surgical management + soft collars
Rehab - physio, SALT

Integrated Med (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions