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Davies Questions 1-30 > SPI Review 1-30 > Flashcards

SPI Review 1-30 Flashcards

1
Q

What action below would be most in keeping with the ALARA principle while performing a diagnostic ultrasound examination?
A.Allow multiple students to scan an OB patient b/c the fetus is in a good position for imaging
B.Prolong the sonographic examination to make videos of the fetus for each family member
C.Complete the diagnostic scan in a timely fashion at the lowest output power that achieves a quality image
D.Maximize the acoustic output to brighten the overall image
E.Extend the sonographic examination beyond the intended scope of the exam requisition

A

C.Complete the diagnostic scan in a timely fashion at the lowest output power that achieves a quality image

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2
Q 
During performance of an obstetric ultrasound exam, you adjust the system parameters to improve the image. Which of the following parameters would increase acoustic exposure?
A. Increase receiver gain
B. Increase TGC
C. Increase frequency
D.Increase transmit power
E.Increase frame averaging (persistence)
A

D.Increase transmit power

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3
Q

To minimize the risk of biologic effects of ultrasound to the fetus, which imaging mode tradeoff would be most applicable?
A. Use M-mode instead of pulsed-wave Doppler to measure the FHR
B. Use color Doppler instead of power Doppler to image the umbilical cord
C. Use pulsed-wave Doppler instead of Power Doppler to evaluate the fetal heart
D. Use harmonics instead of fundamental ro image the fetal spine
E. All of the above

A

A. Use M-mode instead of pulsed-wave Doppler to measure the FHR

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4
Q 
What potential bio effect occurs through absorption of sound energy by tissue?
A. Cavitation
B. Heating
C. Attenuation
D.Reflection
E.Rarefraction
A

B. Heating

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5
Q

When practicing universal precautions, you should do all of the following except:
A. Wear gloves when there is a potential for contact with patient bodily fluids
B. Change gloves when moving from one pt to another
C. Wash hands immediately after gloves are removed
D. Wear face masks or eye protection whenever there is a possibility of blood splashing into your face.
E. Wash gloves between exams for reuse from one pt to another

A

E. Wash gloves between exams for reuse from one pt to another

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6
Q

A nosocomial infection is defined as one that:
A.Is resistant to antibiotics
B. Is restricted to the respiratory system
C. Is hospital acquired
D.Is not contagious
E. Requires patient isolation

A

C. Is hospital acquired

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7
Q

Thermally induced biologic effects should be preventable by avoiding a local temperature increase exceeding :
A. 1C
B.4C
C.10C
D. 95F
E. None: thermal effects have no threshold

A

A.1*C

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8
Q

Which intensity descriptor has the lowest numeric value for the characterization of a pulsed-wave ultrasonic field?
A.SATA
B.SPTA
C.SATP
D.SPTP
E. These intensity descriptors are used only for continuous-wave ultrasound

A

A.SATA

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9
Q 
Increased tissue heating could occur when you :
A. Decrease frequency 
B. Increase transmit power
C. Decrease exposure time
D. Decrease pulse repetition frequency 
E. All the above
A

B. Increase transmit power

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10
Q 
A study designed to determine if there is an association between an adverse effect in a population and exposure to a particular agent is a :
A. Case report 
B. Epidemiologic study
C. In vitro study
D. In vivo study
E. Single-incident investigation
A

B. Epidemiologic Study

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11
Q

Which of the following actions is NOT compliant with HIPPA?
A. Cropping all patient identifiers from images used for teaching purposes
B. Refraining from disclosing patient health information w/o proper authorization
C. Reviewing your neighbors medical studies on your hospital PACS system so you can give her your opinion of her condition
D. Covering your daily requisition list so that the names are not visible to patients and visitors
E. All of these actions are compliant with HIPPA

A

C. Reviewing your neighbors medical studies on your hospital PACS system so you can give her your opinion of her condition

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12
Q

What does mechanical index indicate on an ultrasound machine ?
A. The maximum temperature increase in tissue
B. The minimum temperature increase in tissue
C. Acoustic power in milliwatts
D. The likelihood of cavitation during an ultrasound exam
E. Minutes of exposure time before fissure heating is too great

A

D. The likelihood of cavitation during an ultrasound exam

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13
Q 
In medicine , what does the initials “PHI” indicate ?
A. Private health indicator
B. Personal heart index
C. Personal health information 
D. Private health institute 
E. Protected health information
A

E. Protected health information

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14
Q 
What should you limit when the thermal index exceeds 1?
A. Overall gain
B. Time gain compensation (TGC)
C. Exposure time
D. Scanning depth
E. All of the above
A

C. Exposure time

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15
Q

To practice ALARA principle, which of the following techniques should you employ?
A. Always use the least amount of receiver gain that allows adequate tissue visualization
B. Adjust the controls so that the MI and TI read outs exceed 1
C. Use the lowest transmit power that allows adequate tissue visualization
D. Use the highest frame averaging (persistence) setting
E. Maximize exposure time

A

C. Use the lowest transmit power that allows adequate tissue visualization

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16
Q

The thermal index indicates :
A. Estimated temperature increase in tissue
B. Minutes of exposure time before heating is too great
C. Seconds of exposure time before heating is too great
D. Acoustic power in milliwatts
E. Likelihood of cavitation

A

A. Estimated temperature increase in tissue

17
Q 
Which operator control most directly adjusts the intensity of the transmitted pulse?
A. Receiver gain
B. Depth of scanning
C. Acoustic output (transmit) power
D. Time gain compensation (TGC)
E. Pulse repetition frequency
A

C. Acoustic output (transmit) power

18
Q 
Which of the following would show the highest intensity value ?
A. SATP
B. SATA
C. Im
C. SPPA
E. SPTP
A

E. SPTP

19
Q 
Which intensity parameter is not applicable for continuous-wave ultrasound?
A. SATA
B. SPTA
C. SPPA
D. SAPA
E. C and D
A

E. C and D

20
Q 
Which of the following would most likely have the highest SPTA value?
A. CW Doppler 
B. B-mode real time scanners
C. Static B-mode scanners
D. PW Doppler
E. Fetal monitor Doppler
A

D. PW Doppler

21
Q 
Using a hydrophone , you can measure: 
A. Impedance
B. Pressure amplitude 
C. Duty factor
D. All of the above
E. B and C only
A

E. B and C only

22
Q 
Which of the following parameters related to tissue heating?
A. Absorption 
B. Impedance 
C. Refraction
D. Propagation speed 
E. All of the above
A

A. Absorption

23
Q 
Which of the following occurs when you use the maximum system gain?
A. Increased tissue heating 
B. Increased risk of cavitation 
C. Fluid particle streaming 
D. Increased sound absorption 
E. None of the above
A

E. None of the above

24
Q 
You are performing a sonographic examination and notice that the thermal index is greater than 1. Any increase in temperature would be greatest in : 
A. Liver
B. Lung 
C. Kidney 
D. Bone
A

D. Bone

25
Q 
The motion of particles in a fluid is sometimes observed in an intense ultrasound beam . This is termed:
A. Acoustic streaming 
B. Transient cavitation 
C. Thermal interaction 
D. Rarefraction 
E. Compression
A

A. Acoustic streaming

26
Q

You are performing a sonographic examination and notice that the TI reading is 1. What does this indicate?
A. The patients temperature has increased 1C as a result of the ultrasound scan
B. The patients temperature has increased 2C as a result of the ultrasound scan
C. You must limit your scanning to 1 minute
D. The output level is high enough that temperature could increase as much as 1C if the transducer were held stationary
E. The temperature at the focal point has increased by 1C and scanning time must be reduced to 4 minutes

A

D. The output level is high enough that temperature could increase as much as 1*C if the transducer were held stationary

27
Q 
What sonographic application has the lowest FDA-approved SPTA values?
A. Cardiac
B. Ophthalmic
C. Peripheral vascular 
D. Fetal imaging 
E. Abdominal
A

B. Ophthalmic

28
Q

The following advantage is associated with the use of MI and TI indices:
A. The system will automatically adjust parameters to limit exposure under adverse conditions
B. The system will beep to notify the sonographer when indices are too great
C. The system will shut down when exposure becomes too great
D. The sonographer can easily dial in a safe exposure limit for each patient
E. Information is available on the screen to help the sonographer implement the ALARA principle

A

E. Information is available on the screen to help the sonographer implement the ALARA principle

29
Q 
When scanning with pulsed-wave Doppler , you would affect the acoustic exposure by changing which of the following? 
A. Doppler gain
B. High pass filter 
C. Pulse repetition frequency 
D. Baseline position 
E. Doppler angle
A

C. Pulse repetition frequency

30
Q

What should you do to avoid nosocomial and cross infection with sonographic probes?
A. Probe cleaning should always precede high-level disinfection
B. Covering a probe with a condom is a sufficient barrier to infection for intracavitary probes
C. Disinfection using a germicide compatible with the transducer is indicated when the probe is in contact with mucous membranes
D. Alcohol soak of each probe should occur between patients
E. A and C

A

E. A and C

Davies Questions 1-30 (1 decks)

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