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Anatomy > Spermatogenesis > Flashcards

Spermatogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Gametes in males are called

A

Spermatozoa (sing. spermatozoon)

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2
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

Gametogenesis in males

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3
Q

What are gametes in females called?

A

Oocytes

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4
Q

Gametogenesis in females is

A

Oogenesis

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5
Q

What is different about oogenesis

A

Differentiation occurs before birth from cells called oogonia

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6
Q

Where and when does spermatogenesis occur?

A

occurs in the testes after puberty (12- 14 years)

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7
Q

What 2 hormones influence spermatogenesis?

A
  1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

2. Testosterone

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8
Q

What are the 3 sub-divisions of spermatogenesis?

A
  1. Spermatocytogenesis
  2. Spermatidogenesis
  3. Spermiogenesis
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9
Q

What is the optimum temperature for spermatogenesis?

A

2-3℃ below body temperature ( 37℃)

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10
Q

Where are the testes located and why?

A

They are located in the scrotum below the pelvis outside the abdomen because optimum temperature for spermatogenesis is less than normal body temperature

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11
Q

What’s the duration of spermatogenesis?

A

It is continuous throughout post-pubertal life

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12
Q

At what age does spermatogenesis peak?

A

25 years

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13
Q

How many spermatozoa are produced per testis a day at peak?

A

150,000

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14
Q

What occurs during spermatocytogenesis?

A

It is repeated mitotic divisions that convert Type A pale spermatogonia to primary spermatocytes.

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15
Q

Where does spermatocytogenesis occur?

A

In the abluminal compartment in the seminiferous tubule (external to the blood-testis barrier)

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16
Q

How long does spermatocytogenesis take?

A

16 days

17
Q

What kind of cell division process occurs in spermatidogenesis?

A

Meiosis

18
Q

What are the two steps in spermatidogenesis?(make refers to cell numbers)

A
  1. First part of meiotic division from primary spermatocyte to 2 secondary spermatocytes.
  2. Second part of meiotic division of 2 secondary spermatocyte to 4 spermatids.
19
Q

What does chiasmata between 2 homologous chromosomes produce?

A

Unique chromosomes

20
Q

Why are spermatids haploid?

A

Because meiosis halves the DNA and chromosome numbers.

21
Q

Where does spermatidogenesis occur?

A

In the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule (internal to the blood-testis barrier)

22
Q

What is spermiogenesis?

A

It is the conversion of spherical spermatids to tadpole shaped spermatozoa.

22
Q

What are the 5 major events in spermiogenesis?

A
  1. Nuclear morphogenesis and condensation
  2. Formation of tail
  3. Formation of acrosome
  4. Rearrangements of mitochondria and centrioles
  5. Shedding of excess cytoplasm
22
Q

Where does spermiogenesis occur?

A

In the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule

23
Q

What is the importance of flagellum in the tail of the spermatozoa?

A

Self-propulsion

23
Q

How long does spermiogenesis take?

A

24 days

24
Q

How long does the entire spermatogenesis process take?

A

64 days

25
Q

How long does spermatidogenesis take?

A

24 days

Anatomy (5 decks)

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