Speed of reactions

Question 1

Define the term element.

Answer 1

an element is a substance on the periodic table, and cannot be broken down by any chemical means.

Question 2

How are elements arranged in the periodic table (in terms of groups/periods and atomic number)

Answer 2

On the periodic table, elements are arranged in increasing atomic number and are sorted into columns (groups) and rows (periods).

Question 3

How do we classify elements as metal/non-metal in accordance with their position on the periodic table?

Answer 3

By checking the line on the periodic table that splits metals and non-metals.

Question 4

Why do chemicals in the same group have similar chemical properties?

Answer 4

Chemicals in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.

Question 5

Describe the structure of an atom in terms of which particles it contains.

Answer 5

The structure of an atom consists of the protons, the electrons, and the neutrons. The protons and the neutrons are inside of the nucleus, and the electrons are contained in the outer shell.

Question 6

State the mass, charge and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Answer 6

Electrons -  Mass: almost 0
                    Charge: 1-
                    Location: energy levels
Protons -    Mass: 1
                   Charge: 0 
                   Location: Nucleus
Neutrons - Mass: 1
                   Charge: 0
                   Location: Nucleus

Question 7

State how the number of protons in an element help identify it.

Answer 7

The number of protons in an element help identify it because the number of protons is the same as the atomic number.

Question 8

Define the term mass number.

Answer 8

The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.

Question 9

State why atoms are said to be “electrically neutral”

Answer 9

Atoms are electrically neutral because there is an equal number of protons and electrons.

Question 10

Define the term isotope.

Answer 10

An isotope is one of two or more forms of an element which have the same number of protons, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 11

Describe how the nuclide notation is constructed.

Answer 11

The nuclide notation is constructed with the name of the element, with the mass number behind it, above the atomic number.

Question 12

How do you find missing parts of the nuclide notation?

Answer 12

M=A+N = Mass no. = Atomic no. + Neutrons
A=P=E = Atomic no. = Protons = Electrons

Question 13

Define the term “relative atomic mass”

Answer 13

The relative atomic mass is the average mass of an element (p7 of data booklet).