Speech Styles Flashcards
originated from Martin Joos, an American linguist, who wrote a book called “The Five Clocks,” where he introduced the five styles of English usage (AKA speech styles)
speech styles
different manners in which people communicate with each other
speech styles
differ based on levels of formality; levels of formality are based on the social situation and the level of familiarity (AKA the relationship) between people
speech styles
very close individuals such as couples, close family members, and best friends
intimate
terms of endearment, slang, personal/private expressions, and non-verbal gestures/behavior
intimate
ex: couple talking about how much they love each other
intimate
peers, acquaintances, friends, and coworkers
casual
informal/vernacular language, slang, and verbal formulas (e.g., “Been there, done that.”)
casual
classmates catching up after summer break
casual
strangers, distant acquaintances, and individuals of unequal rank
consultative
semi-formal (professional), detached, and unplanned/spontaneous
consultative
conversation between a teacher and student about missed assessments
consultative
audience of strangers
formal
planned speeches that are formal, detached, and informative
formal
president’s address to the nation
formal
audience, during respectful, ceremonial events
frozen
fixed in content
frozen
minister’s pronouncement of marriage and kiss
frozen
speaker delivering a welcome address at a conference
formal
person reciting a prayer in church during mass
frozen
teacher giving instructions to a student during a one-on-one tutoring session
consultative
group of colleagues discussing their weekend plans during a break at work
casual
spouses discussing the day they had while having dinner
intimate
best friend giving advice to another about relationship troubles
intimate
