Speech Errors

Question 1

Includes shifts in phonemes; still end up with real words

Ex: “He’s chipping the flannel.” “You have hissed all my mystery lectures.”

Answer 1

Spoonerisms

Question 2

These errors represent unconscious or repressed thoughts impinging on behavior

Ex: “I don’t want to ruin this lovely recession.” (reception)
“My grandmother lied.” (died)

Answer 2

Freudian slip

Question 3

Any sentence in which 1 word has been used incorrectly in place of another

Ex: “They understand the importance if bondage between a mother and child.” (bonding)

Answer 3

Malapropisms

Question 4

Adding a phoneme

Answer 4

Addition

Question 5

When the later phoneme influences the production of an earlier one

Ex: “Bake my bike.” “Leading list.”

Answer 5

Anticipation/Anticipatory

Question 6

When part of the articulation is hard to do; involves combining parts of 2 words or eliminating syllables

Ex: “Post Toasties” = “Posties”
“Post station” = “Postation”

Answer 6

Haplologies

Question 7

Includes morpheme exchanges; 1 part of the word or sentence is exchanged with another

Ex: “I’ll get my model renosed.” (nose, remodeled)
“Before I flant the plowers, I have to weed the garden.” (plant, flowers) - the error stayed at on the left side of the comma and didn’t cross the clausal boundary

Answer 7

Exchange

Question 8

Involves metathesis and spoonerisms

Ex: “Juice and Brudy” - (Judy and Bruce)

Answer 8

Reversals

Question 9

Involves combining parts of 2 individual words

Ex: “He is looking to be spaddled.” (spanked, paddled)
“Billary” - (Bill and Hillary)

Answer 9

Blends

Question 10

When the unstressed part of a word is often removed

Ex: “Mutter intelligibly.” (unintelligibly)

Answer 10

Deletion

Question 11

When the earlier phoneme influences the production of the later one

Ex: “Pulled a pantrum” (tantrum)
“Beef needle” (noodle)

Answer 11

Perseveration/perseveratory

Question 12

An error with word selection

Ex: “At a low speed, it’s too light.” (heavy)

Answer 12

Substitution

Question 13

When words are misordered

Ex: “I have to fill up my gas with car.” (car, gas)
“Once I stop I can’t start.” (start, stop)

Answer 13

Word exchanges

Question 14

When phrase structures are misordered

Ex: Intended - “I sent a letter to my grandmother.”
Error - “I sent my grandmother to a letter.” (NP error)

Answer 14

Phrase exchanges

Question 15

When words exchange with words of the same category –> nouns with nouns, verbs with verbs, adjectives with adjectives

When phrases exchange with phrases with NPs and NPs, beginning phonemes and beginning phonemes, etc.

Answer 15

Exchanges within the same category

Question 16

Impossible errors:

Errors do NOT generally occur in…

Answer 16

Function words

Question 17

Experimentally induced errors are subject to bias because…

(2 reasons)

Answer 17

• you may not notice some of them

- if you count your own, you may not remember them

Question 18

With experimentally induced errors, people will produce a slip of the tongue ____-____% of the time

Answer 18

10-15%

- doesn’t mean that you have a problem, it just means that sometimes articulation is hard to plan

Question 19

The existence of speech errors at different levels is ______ that these levels _____!

Answer 19

Evidence, exist

Question 20

Experimentally induced errors involve…

Answer 20

Participants being presented with “bias pairs” and then a “target pair”

Ex: Dart - Board
Dust - Bin
Duck Bill
Barn - Door (people may say “Darn bore”)