Speech and Hearing Science Review Flashcards
The chemical exchange of gases by diffusion occurs in the
Alveoli
Which part of the vocal tract extends from the root of the tongue to the top of the trachea?
Pharynx
Which anatomical part relating to speech is at the cervical 2,3,4 of the vertebrae?
The Larynx
What is the only bone in the body that does not directly articulate with another bone?
Hyoid Bone
When it comes to the laryngeal motion of the cricothyroid joint, its motion is
Rotary
T/F: Shear force is a mucosal wave, where its force contributes to the upheaval of tissue, acting paralell to the surface.
True
Does the stylohyoid or stylothyroid originate at the styloid portion of the temporal bone, attaching at the greater corner of the hyoid bone?
Stylohyoid
T/F: The thickness regulates the tension of the vocal folds
False: It is the LENGTH that regulates the tension of the vocal folds
The most superficial layer of the lamina propria is sometimes referred to as
The epithelial layer (highly elastic fibers)
When the VF are abducted (open), the space that is formed between them is called the…
Glottis
What nerve innervates the thyroarytenoid muscle?
Vagus X
What does the Lombard Effect do to intensity?
It increases intensity in a high ambient noisy environment
Why is whispering considered as a compensatory behavior for treating voice disorders?
- Increased vocal tension
- constriction of the blood vessels
- Drying due to increased air flow
T/F: Shimmer is when the cycle to cycle variability of the duration of the period.
False: Jitter
What does the frequency-intensity spectrum represent?
A graphic display of the relationship between F0 and Intensity
T/F Shimmer is the short-term of variability of amplitude in the acoustic waveform
True
If someone can prolong their /s/ for 13 seconds, but can only prolong their /z/ for 8 seconds, what is their s/z ratio? (Additional: What is the formula?)
Formula: S/Z Ratio = S divided by Z
Their s/z ratio will be 1.6
What is the process of using a pulsing light to stimulate movement at a rate slower than the actual rate of movement of the object being imaged?
Stroboscopy
What is Talbot’s Law?
What is the purpose of an EGG?
It measures changes in electrical resistance across the vocal folds during sustained vowel production
The CN IX Glossopharyngeal is responsible for the innervation of…
The tongue for general sensation and taste
T/F: Arrhythmia is the variability or irregularity in a system
False: Pertubation
Which band provides broad gret bands of energy associated with formants and vertical striations, representing glottal pulses as characteristics?
Wideband spectrogram
What are the 8 primary cardinal vowels?
[i] – high front unrounded = see
[e] – mid-front unrounded = bed
[ɛ] – low-mid front unrounded = set
[a] – low front unrounded = cat
[ɑ] – low back unrounded = father
[ɔ] – low-mid back rounded = thought
[o] – mid back rounded = go
[u] – high back rounded = food
The vibration of the vocal folds is considered to be what theory of vowel production?
Source-Filter Theory
Which formants are the most imporant for vowels, and how many formants total for speech?
Vowels: F1-3
Speech: F1-5
The tongue position (posterior portion) is most influenced by which formant?
F2
What makes American English produce egressive sounds?
AE is produced on the outward flow of air from the lungs.
Simultaneously articulating more than one phoneme is called
Coarticulation
The ____ of articulation is the degree of constriction and its effect on the airflow in the vocal tract for consonant production
Manner of articulation
