Speech and Hearing Science Review

Question 1

The chemical exchange of gases by diffusion occurs in the

Answer 1

Alveoli

Question 2

Which part of the vocal tract extends from the root of the tongue to the top of the trachea?

Answer 2

Pharynx

Question 3

Which anatomical part relating to speech is at the cervical 2,3,4 of the vertebrae?

Answer 3

The Larynx

Question 4

What is the only bone in the body that does not directly articulate with another bone?

Answer 4

Hyoid Bone

Question 5

When it comes to the laryngeal motion of the cricothyroid joint, its motion is

Answer 5

Rotary

Question 6

T/F: Shear force is a mucosal wave, where its force contributes to the upheaval of tissue, acting paralell to the surface.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Does the stylohyoid or stylothyroid originate at the styloid portion of the temporal bone, attaching at the greater corner of the hyoid bone?

Answer 7

Stylohyoid

Question 8

T/F: The thickness regulates the tension of the vocal folds

Answer 8

False: It is the LENGTH that regulates the tension of the vocal folds

Question 9

The most superficial layer of the lamina propria is sometimes referred to as

Answer 9

The epithelial layer (highly elastic fibers)

Question 10

When the VF are abducted (open), the space that is formed between them is called the…

Answer 10

Glottis

Question 11

What nerve innervates the thyroarytenoid muscle?

Answer 11

Vagus X

Question 12

What does the Lombard Effect do to intensity?

Answer 12

It increases intensity in a high ambient noisy environment

Question 13

Why is whispering considered as a compensatory behavior for treating voice disorders?

Answer 13

• Increased vocal tension
• constriction of the blood vessels
• Drying due to increased air flow

Question 14

T/F: Shimmer is when the cycle to cycle variability of the duration of the period.

Answer 14

False: Jitter

Question 15

What does the frequency-intensity spectrum represent?

Answer 15

A graphic display of the relationship between F0 and Intensity

Question 16

T/F Shimmer is the short-term of variability of amplitude in the acoustic waveform

Answer 16

True

Question 17

If someone can prolong their /s/ for 13 seconds, but can only prolong their /z/ for 8 seconds, what is their s/z ratio? (Additional: What is the formula?)

Answer 17

Formula: S/Z Ratio = S divided by Z
Their s/z ratio will be 1.6

Question 18

What is the process of using a pulsing light to stimulate movement at a rate slower than the actual rate of movement of the object being imaged?

Answer 18

Stroboscopy

Question 19

What is Talbot’s Law?

Question 20

What is the purpose of an EGG?

Answer 20

It measures changes in electrical resistance across the vocal folds during sustained vowel production

Question 21

The CN IX Glossopharyngeal is responsible for the innervation of…

Answer 21

The tongue for general sensation and taste

Question 22

T/F: Arrhythmia is the variability or irregularity in a system

Answer 22

False: Pertubation

Question 23

Which band provides broad gret bands of energy associated with formants and vertical striations, representing glottal pulses as characteristics?

Answer 23

Wideband spectrogram

Question 24

What are the 8 primary cardinal vowels?

Answer 24

[i] – high front unrounded = see
[e] – mid-front unrounded = bed
[ɛ] – low-mid front unrounded = set
[a] – low front unrounded = cat
[ɑ] – low back unrounded = father
[ɔ] – low-mid back rounded = thought
[o] – mid back rounded = go
[u] – high back rounded = food

Question 25

The vibration of the vocal folds is considered to be what theory of vowel production?

Answer 25

Source-Filter Theory

Question 26

Which formants are the most imporant for vowels, and how many formants total for speech?

Answer 26

Vowels: F1-3
Speech: F1-5

Question 27

The tongue position (posterior portion) is most influenced by which formant?

Answer 27

F2

Question 28

What makes American English produce egressive sounds?

Answer 28

AE is produced on the outward flow of air from the lungs.

Question 29

Simultaneously articulating more than one phoneme is called

Answer 29

Coarticulation

Question 30

The ____ of articulation is the degree of constriction and its effect on the airflow in the vocal tract for consonant production

Answer 30

Manner of articulation