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Physics > Spectrum > Flashcards

Spectrum Flashcards

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1
Q

angle of deviation depends on

A
  1. angle of incidence
  2. angle of prism
  3. refractive index of material of prism
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2
Q

f of red light

A

3.75* 10^14 Hz

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3
Q

f of violet light

A

7.5*10^14

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4
Q

white light is ___________ in nature

A

polychromatic (consisting of seven prominent colours each corresponding to small wavelengths)

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5
Q

define dispersion

A

the phenomenon of splitting of white light by a prism into its constituent colours is known as dispersion

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6
Q

define spectrum

A

on passing white light through a prism, the band of colours seen on a screen is called the spectrum

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7
Q

define invisible spectrum

A

the part of the spectrum beyond the red extreme and the violet extreme is called the invisible spectrum

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8
Q

waves of wavelength longer than the red part of visible spectrum, in increasing order of wavelength

A
  1. infrared radiations
  2. microwaves
  3. radio waves
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9
Q

waves of wavelength shorter than violet of visible spectrum, in decreasing order of wavelength

A
  1. UV rays
  2. X rays
  3. gamma rays
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10
Q

wavelength of gamma rays

A

shorter than 0.01 nm
frequency above 10^19

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11
Q

wavelength of X-rays

A

0.01-10 nm

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12
Q

wavelength of UV rays

A

10 nm - 400 nm

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13
Q

visible light wavelength

A

400 nm to 800 nm

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14
Q

infrared radiations wavelength

A

800 nm to 1 mm

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15
Q

microwaves wavelength

A

1 mm to 1 m

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16
Q

radio waves wavelength

A

greater than 1 m

17
Q

properties common to all electromagnetic waves

A
  1. do not require material medium for propagation
  2. travel with same speed in vacuum and air, different speeds in different media
  3. exhibits reflection and refraction (in refraction, wavelength, speed, direction changes but frequency does not)
  4. waves are not deflected by electric and magnetic fields
  5. waves are transverse in nature
18
Q

properties of gamma rays

A
  1. cause fluorescence when they strike the fluorescent materials like zinc sulphide
  2. easily penetrate through thick metallic sheets
  3. pass through human bodies and damage
19
Q

uses of gamma rays

A

controlled manner in medical science to kill cancer cells
in industry, to check welding

20
Q

properties of X-rays

A
  1. chemically more active than UV
  2. strongly affect photographic plate
  3. cause fluorescence in zinc sulphide
  4. penetrate through human flesh, but stopped by bones
21
Q

uses of x rays

A
  1. detection of fracture
  2. CAT scan in medical science
  3. studying atomic arrangement in crystals as well as complex molecules
  4. detect concealed precious metals
22
Q

detection of UV rays (actinic rays)

A
  1. when AgCl soln is exposed to it it starting from red to violet then beyond it, it is observed that from the red end to violet end, soln. remains unaffected. beyond violet, soln. first turns violet then becomes dark brown or black- this shows that there are radiations beyond violet extreme of visible part which are chemically more active than visible light
  2. by their chemical activity on dyes and photographic plates
23
Q

how is spectrum of UV rays obtained

A

the spectrum is obtained by passing radiations through a quartz prism instead of a glass prism, because glass absorbs the radiations

24
Q

properties of UV rays

A
  1. can pass through quartz, but are absorbed by glass
  2. travel in straight line with speed of 3*10^8 m/s
  3. scattered by dust
  4. obey laws of reflection and refraction
  5. strongly affect photographic plate as THEY ARE MORE CHEMICALLY ACTIVE THAN VISIBLE LIGHT
  6. produce fluorescence
25
Q

uses of UV

A
  1. sterilising air, surgical equipment, etc
  2. detecting purity of gems, eggs, ghee
  3. producing vit D in food of plants and animals
26
Q

uses of visible light

A
  1. photography
  2. photosynthesis
  3. to see
27
Q

detection of infrared radiations

A
  1. if a thermometer having its bulb blackened is moved from violet end to red end of the spectrum, a rise in temperature is seen. on moving beyond the red spectrum, a rapid rise is noticed (heating effect)
  2. galvanometer connected to thermopile shows deflection when infrared radiations fall on thermopile
  3. spectrum is obtained by using rock-salt prism because a rock-salt prism does not absorb, but glass does
28
Q

properties of infrared radiations

A
  1. travel in straight lines with same speed in vacuum
  2. obey laws of reflection and refraction
  3. do not affect ordinary photographic films, but a specially treated film is affected by them
  4. detected by heating property by used blackened bulb thermometer or thermopile
  5. scattered less in atmosphere due to long wavelength
  6. greenhouse gases absorb infrared and keep earth warm
29
Q

uses of infrared

A
  1. therapeutic purposes by doctors
  2. photography in night, in mist and fog, because they are not scattered due to long wavelength
  3. lamps used in dark rooms for developing photographs as they provide visibility without affecting photographic film
  4. signals during war
  5. remote control
30
Q

why are IFR radiations used as signals during war

A

not visible
not absorbed much in medium

31
Q

uses of microwaves

A
  1. satellite communication
  2. analysis of atomic and molecular structures
  3. cooking in microwave ovens
  4. radar communications
32
Q

uses of radio waves

A

radar communication
radio and television transmission

Physics (12 decks)

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