Spectroscopy Flashcards
study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. It explains how materials absorb, transmit or emit radiation
spectroscopy
give qualitative and quantitative information about the system studied
spectroscopic methods
form of energy that travels through space at an extremely high velocity
electromagnetic radiation
in electromagnetic fields, the waves consist of ________ electric and magnetic fields
perpendicularly oscillating
fails to account for phenomena associated with the absorption and emission of radiant energy. For these processes, electromagnetic radiation can be treated as discrete packets of energy or particles called photons or quanta
the wave model
linear distance between sucessive maxima or minima of a wave
wavelength
is a vector quantity that provides a measure of the electric or magnetic field strength at a maximum in the wave
amplitude (of an electromagnetic wave)
the number of oscillations that occur in one second
frequency
unit of frequency of an EMR
Hertz
the frequency of a beam of EMR does not ____ as it passes through different media
change
the number of waves per centimeter and is equal to 1/wavelength
wavenumber
In a vacuum, light travels at its ____ velocity and this velocity is giving the special symbol c
maximum
Speed of light in a vacuum
2.99792 x 10^8
Speed of light formula
Frequency x wavelength
in a medium containing matter, light travels at a veocity ________ C because of interaction between the electromagnetic field and electrons in the atoms or molecules of the medium. Radiation velocity and wavelength both decrease as the radiation passes from a vacuum or from air to a denser medium. Frequency remains constant
less than
a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and an energy of hV.
photon
photon energy equation
Planck’s constant x velocity of light in a vacuum x wavenumber
E = hcν
Planck’s constant
6.63x10^-34 Js
types of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
- absorption
- emission
- reflection
- scattering
- diffraction
- interference
process where a molecule absorbs EMR that excites electrons. This absorption of energy causes an electronic transition from a groung state (non-excited) to an excited state
absorption
transition from a higher to lower state which releases EMR from the atom or molecule
emission
electronic transitions involving pi, sigma and non bonded electrons
organic molecules
electronic transitions involving d and f electrons
inorganic compounfs
electronic transitions involving change transfer electrons
inorganic compounds