Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Virology > Specific Virology > Flashcards

Specific Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Arteriviridae

A

+ssRNA, enveloped, transmission( sexual, aerogen, contact)
Equine arteritis virus - arteritis, oedema, abortion
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome - abortion, infertility, respiratory signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Orthomyxoviridae

A

Genera - Influenza (A,B,C), Thogotovirus, Isavirus
-ssRNA, segmented, enveloped
Influenza A - in pig, horse, birds, humans
Influenza B,C - HUman, seal, dog
Thogotovirus - Arbovirusin Asia
Isavirus - Salmon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Polyomavirus causes latent infections

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adenovirus causes enteritis in mammals/birds.

A

FALSE (Does cause pneumoenteritis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the morphology of the Adenovirus

A

Linear dsDNA virus with an icosahedral capsid, nonenveloped and replicates in the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of virus is Varicellovirus?

A

Herpesvirus (alphaherpesvirus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. Pox Virus causes skin lesions
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. Capripox causes skin lesions.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. What type of virus is Hepadnaviridae?
A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. Describe the morphology of Circoviridae
A

Circular dsDNA virus with an icosahedral capsid, nonenveloped and replicates in the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. Parvo causes enteritis.
A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. How is the transmission of Birnaviridae?
A

Contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. Rotavirus causes neonatal enteritis.
A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. What is the host of Teschovirus?
A

Pig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. What does Parechovirus cause?
A

Enteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  1. Avastrovirus causes what in chickens?
A

Nephritis (inflammation of the kidney)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  1. Dicistroviridae is a virus of honey bees.
A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  1. How is Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease transmitted?
A

By contact (direct or by fomites)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  1. Border Disease causes abortion in sheep.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  1. Arteriviridae affects stallions.
A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  1. The Influenza host (avian).
A

Wild water birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  1. The surface protein of Influenza?
A

Haemaglutinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  1. Parainfluenza virus 3 infects?
A

Cattle and Sheep – “Shipping Fever”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  1. What type of virus is Canine Distemper Virus?
A

Morbillivirus (Paramyxoviridae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  1. Cowpox/pseudopox is zoonotic.
A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  1. Herpes virus is an arbovirus (transmitted by insects).
A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
  1. What does Herpesvirus cause?
A

Lesions (usually oral or genital)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  1. How is Ephemerovirus transmitted?
A

By mosquitoes (arthropod bites)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  1. Nairovirus is an arthropod virus.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
  1. What lesions does a Retrovirus cause?
A

Lesions in skin and brain (carcoma, carcinoma, leukemia tumours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q
  1. TSE (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) affects mainly cattle/mink/cats.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
  1. Prions are resistant to proteases.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q
  1. Name of TSEs (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) in sheep.
A

Scrapie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q
  1. African Horse Sickness is caused by which virus?
A

Orbivirus (Sedoreovirinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q
  1. Genera of the Picornaviridae are?
A

Entero-, Aptho-, Erbo-, Avihepato-, Hepato-, Cardio-, Tescho-, Tremo-, Parecho-, Kobu-.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q
  1. Alphaviruses:
    a) transmitted by ticks
    b) may be zoonotic
    c) only present in America
    d) no cross reaction.
A

b) May be zoonotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q
  1. Torovirus can cause?
A

Berne Virus (foal gastroenteritis), Breda Virus (calf gastroenteritis), Chicken , swine and human gastroenteritis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q
  1. Reservoir host of Mammastrovirus?
A

Humans, mammals and vertebrates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
  1. Human and bovine pathogen viruses are found in the:
    a) Alpha,
    b) Beta,
    c) Gamma?
A

a)Alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
  1. Prion pathogens do not contain?
A

Nucleic acid (proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q
  1. Animals are susceptible to :
    a) Mumps,
    b) Measles,
    c) Influenza 1?
A

c)Influenza 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q
  1. Affinity Chromatography uses?
A

Viruses adsorb to specific antibodies, rinsing to remove impurities and then elution with buffer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q
  1. Lesions caused by Pox on CAM embryonic egg are called?
A

Pock lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q
  1. Which disease was recently eradicated from earth?
A

Small pox and rinderpest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
  1. Kidney lesions in chicken are caused by?
A

Avastrovirus

46
Q
  1. How did virus get its name?
A

A scientist used a filter whose pores were smaller than the bacteria so the bacteria was not filtered, but following further investigation, it was found that the filtrate contained a smaller form of infectious agent. This agent multiplies only in dividing cells and it was made of particles – it was called contagium vivum fluidum (soluble living germ) and later was simply called virus.

47
Q
  1. Prions cause what in sheep?
A

Scrapie

48
Q
  1. How are airborne viruses contracted?
A

Breathed in through the respiratory tract

49
Q
  1. The host of Hantavirus?
A

Rodents

50
Q
  1. What is the given name for Goose Disease?
A

Goose Parvovirus (Derzsy’s Disease)

51
Q
  1. Adeno and Orthomyxo viruses - name the disease for calves.
A

Pneumoenteritis.

52
Q
  1. What does Aujesky Disease cause in Canines?
A

Lethal CNS Disease, like rabies.

53
Q 
51.	Immunosuppression: True/False:
 Leukemia                 
 Lymphocytes          
Enterocytes              
Encephalomyelitis
A

Leukemia TRUE
Lymphocytes FALSE
Enterocytes TRUE
Encephalomyelitis TRUE

54
Q
  1. What virus is propagated in the Chorioallantoin?
A

Pox and Herpesvirus

55
Q
  1. What is eclipse?
A

Eclipse is the expression of genetic information. It is the step in virus multiplication involving transcription, translation and replication.

56
Q
  1. What is it called when a virus enters the blood?
A

Viremia

57
Q
  1. Genetic part of a virion?
A

DNA/RNA

58
Q
  1. The role of Rdrp in Retrovirus?
A

(RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase) Replication of RNA.

59
Q
  1. How do bacteriophages get into the host cell?
A

Penetration.

60
Q
  1. What is a prion?
A

A prion is a small protein capable of infecting a cell and causing itself to replicate even though it contains no nucleic acid.

61
Q
  1. Virions always contain lipids.
A

FALSE

62
Q
  1. Virions with quasihelical nucleocapsids are enveloped.
A

TRUE

63
Q
  1. Virions with quasihelical capsids are never enveloped.
A

FALSE

64
Q
  1. Pleomorphic capsids may not have an envelope.
A

TRUE

65
Q
  1. Please mark which is true:
    a) Mutations are more frequent in cellular organisms than in viruses
    b) The effects of mutations are always advantageous for viruses
    c) Mutation may alter the host specificity of a virus
    d) Mutant viruses cannot be used as vaccine strains.
A

c) Mutation may alter the host specificity of a virus

66
Q
  1. How do we call the process when the antigenic structure of a virus suddenly changes due to reassortment?
A

Antigenic shift.

67
Q
  1. Polyomaviruses can cause persistent infections in kidney cells.
A

TRUE

68
Q
  1. Papillomaviruses often cause encephalitis and diarrhoea in swine.
A

FALSE

69
Q
  1. Serological cross-reactions may occur between adenovirus species within the same genus.
A

TRUE

70
Q
  1. Atadenoviruses may cause disease in birds.
A

TRUE

71
Q
  1. Please mark the correct answer: Aujesky’s Disease is caused by the:
    a) Suid herpesvirus type 1
    b) Canid herpesvirus type 2
    c) Porcine Parvovirus type 1
    d) Porcine circovirus type 2
A

a) Suid herpesvirus type 1

72
Q
  1. Which virus family contains viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome and helical capsid?
A

Coronaviridae.

73
Q
  1. What virus causes abortions?
A

Varicellovirus (Aujesky’s Disease, IBR, Equine rhinopneumonitis), Arteritis virus (PRRS, Equine Arteritis Virus), Orbivirus (Blue Tongue, Ibraki Disease, African Horse Sickness), Phlebovirus & Nairovirus of Bunyaviridae (Rift Valley Fever, Nairobi Sheep Fever)

74
Q
  1. How does the enveloped virus enter the cell?
A

Membrane fusion

75
Q
  1. Viruses can only propagate in living cells.
A

TRUE

76
Q
  1. What disease is caused in hens by astrovirus?
A

Chicken Astrovirus (“White Chicks” Condition)

77
Q
  1. Which virus family causes haemorrhage?
A

Caliciviridae (RHD), parvoviridae (Aleutian Mink Disease), circoviridae (Porcine circovirus), asfivirus (ASF), orbivirus (African Horse Sickness, Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease), nairovirus (Crimean-congo haemorrhagic Fever), Arenaviridae, paramyxovirus (Newcastle Disease), Filovirus (Ebola).

78
Q
  1. Contact Inhibition:
A

When the cytoplasmic membrane edges of growing cells touches each other causing an inhibition to growth (forms a primary monolayer of cells)

79
Q
  1. Disease in hens caused by the Atadenovirus?
A

Egg Drop Syndrome

80
Q
  1. What do you call the infective part of the virus?
A

Virion

81
Q
  1. Where do RNA viruses multiply?

.

A

In the cytoplasm

82
Q
  1. Which virus families cause skin lesions?
A

Papillomaviridae, polyomaviridae, (Poxviridae cause pock lesions)

83
Q
  1. How to investigate virus neutralisation test?
A

Use blocking antibodies that will adsorb to the receptors of the cell so virus cant adsorb to the cell too.

  • Constant virus varying serum dilution: Serial 2fold serum solution, add virus, incubate (antibodies will neutralise the virus), inoculate cell cultures, incubate, CPEs.
  • Constant serum varying virus dilution: 2 Serial 10fold virus dilutions, add +and-serum, incubate, inoculate cell cultures, incubate, CPEs.
84
Q
  1. Monoclonal antibodies:
A

Antibodies which are the same as they were produced by identical immune cells who were all clones of a unique parent cell.

85
Q
  1. What proteins are found in prions?
A

Cellular prion protein, Infectious prion protein.

86
Q
  1. What is the genetic part of the virion?
A

The nucleic acid (DNA/RNA)

87
Q
  1. What is the family of the Distemper viruses?
A

Paramyxoviridae

88
Q
  1. Haemagglutination:
A

This is the clumping together of red blood cells. Tests include: Haemagglutination test, haemagglutination inhibition test.

89
Q
  1. Concentration of a virus sample?
A

Precipitation, adsorption, dialysis, ultrafiltration, pelletisation.

90
Q
  1. Virus titer:
A
  • Infective titer: the highest dilution of the virus in which 50% CPEs occur.
  • Haemagglutination titer: the highest dilution of the virus in which haemagglutination has not yet occurred.
91
Q
  1. Restriction nucleases:
A

cleave proteins at specific DNA sequences.

92
Q
  1. Cells removed from a monoculture:
A

Can then be used in a subculture and propagated further.

93
Q
  1. What does Aujesky’s Disease do in Canines?
A

Lethal CNS effects (like rabies)

94
Q
  1. What type of sample is required for Ataxia in a horse?
A

Conjunctival and nasal swabs, liquor cerebrospinalis, EDTA blood. (Ataxia is a neurological sign consisting of a lack of coordinating movements

95
Q
  1. Propagation of African Swine Fever:
A

experimental infection of living animals

96
Q
  1. Acridin Orange Test:

.

A

Tests for the presence of either ss/ds DNA/RNA.
-Green fluorescence when bound to dsDNA.
–Red fluorescence when bound to ssDNA or RNA

97
Q
  1. Does a greenish-yellow colour mean a doublestranded virus?
A

Yes

98
Q
  1. Vaccines:
A

Live (attenuated, virulent, heterotypic, virus-vectored), inactivated, subunit, anti-idiotype.

99
Q
  1. Active Immunity:
A

Stimulation of an immune response by the body by a specific antigen (injecting a weaker live virus into the body so that the body itself must produce antibodies against the viral antigens), preventative method, long term immunity.

100
Q
  1. Parvo in the environment:
A

spread through faecal matter, but due to its very strong resistance it can survive on surfaces and be spread via contact with those surfaces.

101
Q
  1. Describe the Orthobunyavirus:
A

circular ssRNA with segmented genome, enveloped, - with helical capsid, viruses: Akabane disease and Schmallenburg virus of Ruminants.

102
Q

Prions in sheep:

A

Prions are agents of Transmissible Spongioform Encephalosis and cause Scrapie in sheep.

103
Q

Tick Vectors:

A

Colorado tick fever, Lyme disease, hepatazoonosis.

104
Q

Reservoir host of Mamarenavirus?

A

Pet hamsters, mice (rodents)

105
Q

Role of VtRt in Hepadnaviridae:

A

replication (Viral transcriptase Reverse transcriptase)

106
Q

On which part of the virus is the lipid found?

A

Envelope.

107
Q

PCR-Colour:

A

Green-dsDNA, Red-ssDNA/RNA

108
Q

Binary?:

A

induces DNA? Binary Vectors are shuttle vectors as they are able to replicate in multiple hosts.

109
Q

What is the method of a hemolysis test using sheep blood?

A
  • Haemagglutination Titre: serial 2fold dilution, add washed RBCs of appropriate species, incubate->titer is the highest dilution of virus where there is no haemagglutination as of yet.
  • Haemagglutination inhibition: serial 2fold dilution of serum sample, add 4-8HA units of virus, incubate, add washed RBCs->titer is the highest dilution where there is no HA.
110
Q

Amino Acid sequence of haemagluttinating protease cleavage site of Influenza A may cause?

A

Will cleave the Hemaglutinin of the virus-this must be cleaved by cellular proteases to be active as a fusion protein and cause infection.

Virology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions