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Radiation Decontamination > Specific Isotopes > Flashcards

Specific Isotopes Flashcards

1
Q

What enclosure of the BUMEDINST 6407.10 provides guidance for the isotopes
likely to be involved in a incident inside the Navy and the Marine Corps?

A

Enclosure 12

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2
Q

If there is a nuclear reactor accident, what is the prime nuclide of concern?

A

Iodine-131

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3
Q

What is potassium Iodide (KI)?

A

Medication used in radiation emergencies.

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4
Q

Why do we give out Potassium Iodide?

A

It saturates the thyroid gland with a stable Iodine thereby denying Iodine-131’s ability to cause a significant dose to the thyroid.

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5
Q

What are some side effects of Potassium Iodide?

A
  • Skin rashes
  • Swelling of salivary glands
  • Metallic taste
  • Burning mouth and throat
  • Sore teeth and gums
  • Upset stomach and Diarrhea
  • Potential to cause anaphylaxis allergic reactions.
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6
Q

How is the issuance of KI documented?

A

Each individual issued KI, is given a SF-600 that is signed and dated, and placed in their health record.

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7
Q

What is the recommended dosage of KI for adults up to 40?

A

130mg/day when projected radiation dose to thyroid is 10 Rad or greater.

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8
Q

What is the recommended dosage of KI for adults over 40?

A

130mg/day when projected radiation dose to thyroid is 500 Rad or greater.

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9
Q

What is the recommended dosage for children age range of birth - 1 month?

A

16 mg/day when projected dose to thyroid is 5 rad or greater

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10
Q

What is the recommended dosage for children age range of 1 month - 3 years?

A

32 mg/day when projected dose to thyroid is 5 rad or greater

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11
Q

What is the recommended dosage for children age range of 3 years - 18 years?

A

65 mg/day when projected dose to thyroid is 5 rad or greater

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12
Q

How long should KI be given?

A

Until there is no significant risk of radionuclide.

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13
Q

The amount of KI to be maintained should be determined by what for ships and shore commands?

A
  • For Ships, as defined in the AMAL list.
  • For shore commands, based on the amount of emergency response personnel.
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14
Q

What is the expiration date of KI?

A

5 years after MFR date.

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15
Q

Where should the inventories of KI be documented?

A

Shelf Life Extension Program (SLEP).

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16
Q

Can expired Potassium Iodide tablets be used?

A

*Yes only in an emergency, as long as it shows does not show signs of degradation, fragmentation, or irregular services.
* The decision to do so, must be documented with the reasons why and REAB should be notified of the justification.

17
Q

What are the isotopes of concern per BUMED 6470.10C?

A
  • Chromium (Cr-51)
  • Cobalt (Co-60)
  • Iodine 131
  • Depleted Uranium
  • Plutonium (Pu-239)
  • Radium (Ra-226)
  • Tritium (H-3)
  • Tech-99m
18
Q

What class of medications are contraindicated by Chromium-51?

A

Antacids, because the increase the absorption of Ch-51 through the wall of the intestine.

19
Q

How is the presence of internal contamination verified for Chromium-51 (Ch-51)?
(REVIEW)

A

Done by Vitro bioassay of urine and feces samples.

20
Q

What are the therapy options for all the isotopes listed in enclosure 12 of the BUMEDINST 6470. 10C

A
  • External, internal and wound Decontamination
21
Q

What is the prime nuclide of concern for NNPP?

A

Cobalt-60 (Co-60)

22
Q

Partial or whole-body counts must be obtained within 24 hours to help determine the presence of internal contamination and estimating the dose for what isotope?

A

Cobalt-60

23
Q

What isotope targets bone surface, liver, and kidneys?

A

Depleted Uranium

24
Q

Immediate gastric lavage is associated with isotope?

A

Radium-226

25
Q

Depleted Uranium spent in contact with the skin delivers a skin dose of what?

A

Approximately 200 mRem/hr

26
Q

What isotope targets the lungs, liver and bone surface?

A

Plutonium-239

27
Q

What must be done within 30 minutes of plutonium-239 contact?

A

Use swabs to obtain a samples from the nose, throat and saliva.

28
Q

If you have a sailor was exposed to Tritium (H-3) What will you do for their treatment?

A
  • Collect urine samples within 2-24 hours post exposure
  • Increase their fluid intake (2-4ml)
  • perform Liquid Scintillation Analysis within 24 to 48 hours.
29
Q

How would you treat a sailor who has been exposed to Cobalt-60?

A

Treatment them symptomatically if the external exposure is expected to be high enough to cause deterministic effects

30
Q

What is the timeline of uptake for Iodine-131?

A
  • 50% in the first 6 hours after the exposure
  • 90% after 24 hours receipt of exposure
  • Maximum uptake occurs 48 hours after exposure
31
Q

What percentage of radium-226 is eliminated by urine and feces?

A

Feces is 95-98%
Urine is 2-5%

32
Q

How often do you update the inventory record for potassium Iodide (KI)?

A

90 days

33
Q

How long does it take for Cobalt 60 to transit through the GI tract?

A

Approximately 42 hours.

34
Q

One uCi of Iodine produces a dose of what to the thyroid?

A

6.5 Rad/65 mrem

35
Q

When personnel are exposed to radioiodine what administrative must be done?

A

Contact REAB so a f/u program can be recommended

36
Q

How much of radium 226 is absorbed after ingestion?

A

Approximately 30%

37
Q

Where is KI ordered from?

A

Defense Logistic Agency (DLA)

Radiation Decontamination (5 decks)

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