Specific Fractures Flashcards
Colle’s Fracture
Distal radial # with dorsal displacement of the wrist (dinner fork deformity) caused by people falling onto a hard surface with outstretched arms and extended wrists
Navicular Fracture
Caused by twisting forces on the mid-foot (avulsion #) or stress # in atheletes presenting with mid-foot pain
Monteggia’s Fracture
A # of the distal third of the ulna with dislocation of the radial head which occurs when falling on an outstretched hand with the arm held in extreme pronation
March Fracture
a fatigue/stress # of the distal third of a metatarsal (2nd/3rd) due to ongoing stress. happens in soldiers, hikers & doctors
Galeazzi Fracture
A # of the distal third of the radius with dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint. Seen in males who have fallen placing an axial load on a hyperpronated forearm. Cannot be treated with plaster immobilization and high risk of malunion
Greenstick Fracture
A # in a young person with soft, bendy bones where it bends but only partially breaks. Occurs in children and teenagers
Spiral Fracture of the tibia
A # of the tibia due to a twisting force applied to the bone, often in children with NAI or sports injuries with lower energy
Supracondylar Fracture of the humerus
a # of the distal humerus just above the epicondyles, usually in children who will present with inability to move the elbow and prominence of the olecrannon which preserves the 3 bony point relationship, there may also be neurological or vascular complications in the arm distally – affects anterior interosseous (branch of the median) or the radial)
Humeral shaft fracture
Occur in either young people after high-energy trauma or in elderly osteopenic/osteoporotic pts
There will be pain and weakness in the dista arm
Shoulder dislocation - anterior
95% –> due to direct blow or fall on the outstretched arm, pts will hold the arm externally rotated and slightly abducted
Smith’s Fracture
A # of the distal radius with anterior displacement of the wrist/hand caused by people falling onto an outstretched arm with a flexed wrist
Jone’s Fracture
A # of the mid-point of the 5th metatarsal, may often be ignored as a sprain, but will present with pain, swelling and difficulty walking
Nightstick Fracture
An isolated # of the ulna due to direct trauma. occurs when a person raises the medial aspect of the forearm in anticipation of an overhead blow
Shoulder dislocation - Posterior
5% - due to electric shock or seizure and will present with the arm held internally rotated and adducted. there will also be flattening of the anterior shoulder with a prominent coracoid process
Monteggia fracture
Fracture in the proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of the proximal radial head. Occurs after falls onto the hand with excessive pronation (hyper-pronation injury) - treat with ORIF or closed fixation if child
