Specific Criminal Offense Questions Flashcards
Contrast the purposes of federal, provincial and municipal policing.
Federal: To provide protective and investigative serivces to the federal government, deals with national crime’s.
Provincial: Assists municipal police if it needs help, provides policing in areas where there is no municipal police
Municipal Police: Crime that takes place solely inside of a town or city.
Describe the eight areas of responsibility of the RCMP.
Customs and Excise: Investigates cases of international smuggling, enforces customs act in isolated areas.
Drug Enforcement: Enforces laws indentified in the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
Economic Crime: Focuses on Commercial Fraud, Organized Crime, Technological Crime, and Securitites Fraud.
Federal Policing: Enforces 286 federal laws and 17 sets of regulations, all on a federal level
Immigration: Gathers information on smuggling of people, counterfeit visas and passports. And works to screen out applicants who may be involved in crime.
Proceeds of Crime: Confiscates money or property that was obtained illeaglly.
Criminal Intelligence: Gathers information on organized Crime
International Liason and Protective Services: Provides security for federal officals.
Contrast the roles of a Patrol officer and criminalidentification officer.
Patrol officer is the first officer to arrive on scene, they will secure the scene and ensure no evidence is lost. As well they will conduct inital interviews with witnesses and arrest suspect if they catch him in the crime.
A Criminal Identification officer is responsible for searching the crime scene for evidence, gathering and analyzing evidence found and send certain evidence to a labratory.
Describe the chain of custody of evidence
All contact with the evidence must be entirely recorded and all time must be accounted for. The record must show, who had contact with the evidence, the date and time it was handled, the circumstances under which the evidence was handled, and what changes, if any were made to the evidence.
Describe impressions that may be used as part of a forensic investigation.
Fingerprints are a common forensic tool to determine a suspect for a specific crime. A fingerprint is an image of the fingertip of the suspect that is left when a fingertip touches a surface. This fingerprint is analyzed and compared against other fingerprints to determine a match. These same rules apply for toe prints as well.
Shoe prints and tire tracks are another forensic impression that is used to dteremine suspects. Although shoe and tire prints can only give class characteristics, and not individual characteristics like fingerprints, they can still narrow down the list of suspects.
Identify sources that may be used to collect DNA
Anything that comes out of the body can theoretically be used to collect DNA. However the main ways it is obtained is, Semen samples, Blood Samples, Saliva, and Hair. Hair and blood are quite common as they are both commonly left at crime scenes.
How is DNA profiling used in a police investigation?
DNA profiling is used to eliminate suspects in solving a crime. DNA samples are compared with the DNA that is found at a crime scene, if the DNA matches it is considered that both DNA samples came from the same person. Therefore, placing the suspect at the scene of the crime. If it is not a match, the suspect was obviously not at the crime and is eliminated.
Explain the purpose of Police Interrogation
The purpose of police interrogation is to get answers to questions about what happened at the crime scene, or what the accused was doing surrounding the crime. It helps the police establish details about the crime that they may have previously not known about.
Identify the steps nessecary for a legal arrest
- Identify yourself as a police officer
- Inform the accused that they are under arrest
- Tell the accused promptly of the charge
- Touch the accused the indicate they are in legal custody
Explain the importance of resaonable grounds
Without reasonable grounds, police could stop you at anytime to find out what you are doing, for absolutely no reason. With reasonable grounds, the police need a resonable suspision that you may be doing something illeagal, without this they can not pull you over/stop you.
Identify the circumstances under which an arrest may be made without a warrant.
They have reasonable grounds to bleiev the person has commited an indictable offence, or is about to.
The find a person in the act of committing a criminal offence.
They find a person who’s name they believe to be on an arrest warrant.
Identify the types of evidence that carry the most weight in court.
The types of evidence that carry the most weight in court is physical evidence. Evidence that was found at the scene, scientifically proved to be accurate, and evidence that can not be faked.
Defend why a warrant is normally necessary to conduct a legal search.
A warrant is normally nessecary to conduct a legally search because whena warrant is obtained ti shows that the police have legal grounds to enter your property, and have been cleared by law to do so. If warrants were not nessecary police could barge in whenever they wanted and search for anything they want, without reason. Warrants prevent police from abusing powers, but, at the same time avoid law suits by people who are being searched.
