Species And Taxonomy And Biodiversity Within Community Flashcards
Define what a specie is?
A group of organisms that can breed together to produce fertile offspring.
Why are courtship rituals important?
(What do they ensure an individual to do ?)
They ensure an individual can:
Recognise members of their own species
Identify a mate capable of breeding
Synchronise mating
Form a pair bond
What is courtship behaviour and what are examples of courtship behaviour?
Males performing ornate behaviour to attract the attraction of females and court them as potential mate.
It can take many forms (e.g. best building my male weaver birds,the collection of artefacts by male bower birds)
What 3 methods helped to clarify evolutionary relationships between organism?
Genome sequence - the higher the % of similarity Of DNA the closer the evolutionary relationship.
Immunology-similar dna based in different animals mean they code for the similar proteins so more likely to have a common ancestor.
Gene technology-direct
Investigation of dna sequence and its products e.g mRNA ,amino acid sequence.
What is species richness?
The number of species in a community.
What is a binomial name?
The name given to a species that
That consists of its genus and species:
-genus first letter is always capitalised
-species first letter is always lower case
What does a phylogenetic classification system do?
How does it do it?
What are the groups known as ?
Attempts to arrange species into groups based on their evolutionary origins and relationships.
It uses hierarchy in which smaller groups are placed within larger groups.
Groups are know as taxon (plural=taxa)
Name the hierarchy of taxa in the past and what did they use to discover evolutionary relationships?
Name the 3 different domains that the new system was divided into?
(Not necessary)
Kingdom,phylum,order,class,
family,genus,specie
-used observational feature to discover the evolutionary relationships
Eukarya,bacteria and archaea
What do phylogenetic tres show ?
What do shorter branching indicate?
And what does a branch part show?
Can have different appearances but all show similar features .
indicate more recent divergencies from common ancestors (species formation)
Shows a common ancestor
Define :
Biodiversity
Ecosystem
Habitat
Community
Population
Not important but make sure you understand(
Biodiversity =relates to a range of habitats from a small local habitat to the earth.
Ecosystem =community interacting with all the abiotic factors
Habitat =the place where an organism lives
Populations =no.of organism of a single species living in a habitat
Community=all the populations of different organisms that live together in a habitat
(All living organism)
What does an index of diversity describe and what is the equation to calculate index of diversity?
It describes the relationship between the no.of species in a community and the no. Of individuals in each species.
d= N(N-1) / {n(n-1)
N=total number of organisms of all species
n= total number of organisms of each species
{ = sum of
Why is standard deviation a useful tool?
It tells you how spread out data is from the mean
What is abiotic and biotic factors ?
Abiotic-non-living e.g water
Biotic -living e.g plants ,animals
Mane 3 ways farming can reduce biodiversity?
Hedgerows and woodland are removed
Marshes and wetland are drained
Non-selective pesticides are used killing non-target species like beneficial insects
Describe how organisms are grouped in a phylogenetic classification system?
Based on hierarchy of groups
With no overlaps
Grouped according to evolutionary origins.
