Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ecology > Species > Flashcards

Species Flashcards

1
Q

What special adaptations do alpine flowers have?

A

short height, waxy leaves, hairy stems, bright colour, perennials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What special adaptations do alpine shrubs have?

A

short stunted growth, not deciduous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the disadvantages of hibernating?

A

decreased food availability afterwards, need to store adequate body fat during a short summer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the advantages of hibernating?

A

burrow in protected area, need less food, use less energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the advantages of migrating?

A

there is food at the other end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the disadvantages of migrating?

A

requires lots of energy, human disruption, unknown food/habitat sources at the other end, predators, unfamiliar territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is adaptation?

A

a trait that improves an organism’s chances of surviving and reproducing relative to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 5 things that adaptation results from?

A

Variation, mutation, genetic drift, isolation, natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is natural selection?

A

the process of non-random reproduction of individuals which results in the elimination of non-desirable traits from a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adaptation vs acclimation

A

Acclimation is something that improves function but cannot be passed on to offspring. Adaptation is something that improves function and is a result of genetic change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the limitations to natural selection?

A

picks only the best AVAILABLE alternative, it is a compromise to given problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is species?

A

a collection of individuals which have the potential of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 mechanisms that allow species to stay reproductively isolated?

A

Ecological, behavioural and mechanical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ecological mechanism that allows species to stay reproductively isolated?

A

different habitats or seasonally isolated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is mechanical mechanism that allows species to stay reproductively isolated?

A

physical differences, sterile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a cline?

A

gradual variation along a ecological gradient/slope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a ecotype?

A

specialized adaptations to local environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a ecosystem?

A

a community of organisms interacting with each other in their physical and chemical environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Give 5 examples of biotic elements

A

plants, animals, invertebrates, fungi, bacteria

20
Q

Give 5 examples of abiotic elements

A

air, water, rock, soil, energy from the sun

21
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

variety of different organisms in a ecosystem

22
Q

Increased biodiversity is related to what

A

environmental stability

23
Q

What are the 4 ways to describe biotic elements?

A

species list, arrangement of vegetation, biomass measurements, population estimates

24
Q

What are the 6 ways to describe abiotic elements?

A

climate, air quality, water quality, geological components, soil factors, energy from the sun

25
Q

What are ecological processes?

A

patterns of change of any biotic or abiotic element

26
Q

What are 5 examples of biotic processes?

A

photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, pollination, changes in population over time

27
Q

What are 3 examples of abiotic processes?

A

change of seasons, rate of erosion, rate of ozone depletion

28
Q

Resource availability can influence what

A

plant diversity

29
Q

low nutrient availability does what to plants?

A

reduces growth rates, supports a lower density and biomass of vegetation

30
Q

When nutrients are low, competition is concentrated where?

A

below ground, big roots are needed, high diversity results

31
Q

When nutrients are high, competition is concentrated where?

A

above ground, big plants are needed, low diversity results

32
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions in the varying external environment

33
Q

What is the law of tolerance?

A

the range of min and max conditions in which an organism can survive

34
Q

What are homeotherms?

A

“warm blooded” organisms whose body temperature remain constant throughout the day

35
Q

What are poikilotherms?

A

“cold-blooded” organisms whose body temperature varies throughout the day

36
Q

How do homeotherms deal with the cold?

A

shivering, dormancy, hibernation, burning of fat, small appendages

37
Q

How do homeotherms deal with the heat?

A

sweating, panting, large appendages

38
Q

How do poikilotherms deal with the cold?

A

little shivering, chemical anti-freeze, seek sun, nocturnal, migrate, huddle together, hibernation

39
Q

How do poikilotherms deal with the heat?

A

shade, moving to a different environment, raising/lowering bodies, burrowing

40
Q

What advantage do homeotherms have over poikilotherms?

A

generate heat using food for fuel, can survive in a wider variety of environments

41
Q

What are 5 insulative strategies in homeotherms?

A

fur, feathers, fat, blubber, change of coat

42
Q

Since plants cannot internally regulate temperature, what are the 5 things they depend on?

A

reflecting off of leaves and bark, orientation of leaves, size and shape of leaves, hardening and acclimatization, dormancy

43
Q

How does a poikilohydric plant respond to moisture change?

A

the water status of the plant matches the atmospheric moisture conditions

44
Q

What are the 3 types of colouration?

A

cryptic, warning, mimicry

45
Q

What is cryptic colouration?

A

camouflage

46
Q

What is warning colouration?

A

bright coloured animals to advertise that they are poisonous

47
Q

What is mimicry colouration?

A

the warning colouration of a poisonous species is copied by other species

Ecology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions