Speciation

Question 1

What is speciation?

Answer 1

Happens when pop. of the same species become genetically isolated

Lacks of gene flow
Separate from each other
- b/c of Natural selection, Genetic drift, and mutations

Question 2

What is a species?

Answer 2

evolutionary independent pop.

Question 3

3 approaches to identifying species

Answer 3

Biological species concept
Morphospecies concept
Lineage (phylogenetics) species concept

Question 4

Biological species concept

Answer 4

evolutionary independent if the reproductively isolated

no inbreeding
if they do offspring fail to produce offspring
no gene flow b/w the pop

Question 5

Disadvantages of the Biological species concept

Answer 5

Can’t tell if fossils bred with each other
can’t tell if species reproduced asexually( bacteria)
only species in the same region

Question 6

Prezygotic

Answer 6

species prevented from mating

Question 7

Postzygotic

Answer 7

species mate but the hybrid is sterile and/or dies soon after birth not producing offspring

Question 8

Morphospecies concept

Answer 8

Identify evolutionary independent lineages by size, shape, and other features
widely applied (different regions)

Question 9

Disadvantages of Morphospecies concept

Answer 9

can’t identify species that differ in nonmorphological traits( Cytic species)
~ Features can subjective + conversial
~ may lead to naming 2 different pop. as 2 species when it’s only 1

Question 10

Lineage (phylogenetics) species concept

Answer 10

Based on reconstructions the evolutionary history of pop

Phylogenetic trees
ANcestral + descendants
identify by sympathies
Genetic, developmental or structural level