Specialised Cells Revision Flashcards
What is the function of the cell wall?
The cell wall provides strength and support for the cell.
It also prevents the cell from bursting.
What is the function of the Nucleus?
The Nucleus is the main part of a cell where the DNA is found. It controls the activities of the cell.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is where the chemical reactions take place: for example, some parts of respiration.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of the substances into and out of the cell. (A barrier only allowing some substances in and blocking others).
What is the function of the Mitochondria?
The mitochondria are where aerobic respiration (the process of cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy) occurs to release energy.
What is the function of Chloroplasts?
The chloroplast is where photosynthesis occurs. Contains green pigment to colour a green plant.
What is the function of the Vacuole?
The vacuole contains cell sap and is important in keeping the cell rigid (unable to bend or be forced out of shape).
What are the similarities between a plant and animal cell?
They both have; a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell?
Only a plant cell has; chloroplast, vacuole, and a cell wall.
What are the characteristics of living organisms?
Movement-All living things move.
Respiration- Getting energy from food.
Sensitivity- Detecting changes from their surroundings.
Growth- All living things grow.
Reproduction- Making more living thins of the same type.
Excretion- Removing non-solid waste e.g. sweat.
Nutrients- Taking in and using food.
Why are some cells unicellular and others multicellular?
Unicellular organisms depend on one cell to complete tasks. Multicellular organisms have specialized cells that perform different functions that support the organism collectively.
What are some examples of unicellular organisms, their structural features, and their adaptions to complete MRS GREN?
Bacteria- the capsule, cell wall, and plasmid membrane all provide structure to a bacterial cell. Bacteria adapt to Mrs. Gren by duplicating their DNA and pinching their cell wall to reproduce.
Yeast- uses a cell membrane and cell wall to provide structure.
Bacteria adapt to Mrs. Gren by using excretion to remove carbon dioxide and alcohol.
What is the role of diffusion in the movement of material in and out between cells?
Diffusion is where particles move from a region of high concentration within the cell to a region of low concentration. ! Diffusion allows the cell the gain the useful substances needed for the cell to obtain energy and growth !
What is the role of specialized cells in a multicellular organism?
The role of specialized cells in a multicellular organism is to perform the particular function they were built to complete in order to support the organism collectively.
What is tissue? Give examples.
Tissue- a group or layer of cells that perform different functions. Examples:
Muscle tissue is a group of muscle cells that are used to give mammals movement.
Nervous tissue is a group of nerve cells that are responsible for controlling many body activities.
