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Diagnosis Of Lower Extremity > Special Tests: Foot And Ankle > Flashcards

Special Tests: Foot And Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior drawer

Condition Tested

A

Atf ligament

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2
Q

Anterior Drawer

Position

A

Patient is positioned on edge of table so leg is 90° (to prevent gastroc contraction) and foot is slightly plantar flexed

Examiner is in front of patient stabilizing distaltibia and fibula and the other hand on the calcaneous anteriorly gliding the calcaneus and talus

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3
Q

Anterior Drawer

Positive test

A

ROM is greater bilaterally and you’ll hear a clunk. The talus moves anteriorly away from ankle mortise
Remember inflammation will reduce translation so have patient lie supine

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4
Q

Bump test

Condition tested

A

Used to test tibia or fibula fracture

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5
Q

Bump test

Position

A

Patient position is lying supine with foot Off table and dorsiflexed

Examiner position is to stand to the side of the patients affected ankle one hand holding the top of the foot and slightly tapping the patients heel

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6
Q

Bump test

Positive test

A

If pain in injury site there could be a fracture

the vibration of tap will increase pain

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7
Q

Dorsal glide test

Condition tested

A

Dorsal (anterior) movement of metatarsals or phalanges

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8
Q

Dorsal glide test

Positions

A

Patient is seated with foot over the end of the table

Examiner is at patient’s feet. one hand stabilizing rearfoot and ankle mortis one foot cups base of metatarsal

A plantarly directed force is applied on the metatarsals

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9
Q

Dorsal glide test

Positive test

A

Hypo mobility(joint adhesions), hyper mobility (ligamentous and/or capsular laxity), pain

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10
Q

Dorsiflexion eversion Test

Condition

A

Tarsal tunnel syndrome

Posterior tibial nerve

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11
Q

Dorsiflexion Eversion test

Position

A

Patient is supine with felt over end of table

Examiner is at patient’s feet with one hand on medial side of heel and one hand on head on metatarsals passively evert the need and dorsiflex the foot and toes holding for 5-10 seconds

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12
Q

Dorsiflexion eversion test

Positive test

A

Pairs radiating onto the foot

TTS the pain is along me medial portion of the heel and arch

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13
Q

Thompson test

Condition

A

Achilles Tendon rupture

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14
Q

Thompson test

Position

A

Patient position is prone with legs extended and feet hanging off the edge of table

Examiner position is standing next to the patient with their hand on their calf
Squeeze mid-muscle belly on affected side

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15
Q

Thompson test

Positive

A

Absence of planter flexion in the patient’s foot

A false positive will result if pressure isn’t deep enough

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16
Q

Plantar glide test

Condition tested

A

Posterior (plantar) movement of metatarsal or phalanges

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17
Q

Plantar glide test

Position

A

Patient is seated or lying with foot oven the end of the table

Examiner is at patients feet with hand stabilizingthe metatarsal head and the other cups the phalynx
A plantarly directed force is applied on the metatarsal

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18
Q

Plantar glide test

Positive test

A

Same as dorsal glide test

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19
Q

Navicular drop

Condition tested

A

Extent of midfoot pronation

Medial longitudinal arch function

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20
Q

Navicular drop test

A

Continue later

21
Q

Morton’s test

Condition tested

A

Intermetatarsal neuromas

22
Q

Morton’s test

A

Patient is seated with foot available

Examiner is standing at the patient’s feet, grasp-forefoot just behind the head of the 1st and 5th mt. With opposite hand, place index finger and thumb of the opposite hand dorsal and plantar to the web space (as if to pinch)

Compress the transverse arch and vise the thumb and forefinger to apply pressure Over the symptomatic interspace between the metatarsals

23
Q

Feiss line

Condition

A

Pes Planus or Pes Cavus

Position of the navicular drop

24
Q

Feiss line

A

Continue later

25
Q

Kleiger test

Condition

A

Damage to deltoid lig or distal tib-fib syndesmosis

26
Q

Kleiger test

Positions

A

Patient sits with legs hanging Off table
Examiner is kneeling in front and stabilizes the leg without compressing the distal tib-fib syndesmosis, the other grasps the medial aspect of foot while supporting ankle in neutral
Foot and talus are externally rotated while maintaining a stable leg. To stress the syndesmosis, place the foot in dorsiflexion and to stress the deltoid ligament place the foot in neutral or slight plantar-flex

27
Q

Kleiger’s test

Positive test

A

Deltoid ligament: medial joint pain can feel displacement of talus away from Medial malleous
Syndesmosis: pain at anterolateral ankle at the site of dis tib-fib syndesmosis

28
Q

Posterior Drawer test

Condition

A

Posterior Talofibular ligament and capsule, deltoid ligament

29
Q

Posterior Drawer test

Position

A

Patient supine with the foot over end of table
Examiner stabilizing hand on distal leg and the mobilizing hand grasp the talus and midfoot to maintain the joint in loose position
Apply an anteroposterior force to the talus perpendicular to the tibias long axis as you examine the amount of quality of movement and end feels

30
Q

Posterior Drawer test

Positive test

A

The talus slides posteriorly from under the ankle mortise compared with the opposite side. There may be a “clunk” as talus sublaxates and relocates, or the patient may experience pain. If dorsiflexion is limited, this movement is likely to be restricted.

31
Q

Eversion stress test (taler tilt)

Condition

A

The integrity of the deltoid ligament and the tibiocalcaneal ligament.

32
Q

Eversion stress test

Positions

A

Patient Position: Sitting or lying in a supine position with both legs over the edge of the table.

Examiner Position: Stand in front of the patient. One hand should be grasping the calcaneus and the talas, with the thumb on the deltoid ligament. The other hand should stabilize the leg.

Forces Applied: Roll the calcaneus laterally which causes the talas to tilt.

33
Q

Eversion stress test

Positive

A

Positive Test: Indication of deltoid ligament sprain or a Tib-Fib sprain

34
Q

Intermetatarsal glide

Condition

A

Trauma in deep transverse MT ligaments and the
interosseous ligaments which secure the MT heads

Forces causing an abnormal amount of glide between the
1st and 2nd MT heads

35
Q

Intermetatarsal glide

positions

A

Patient Position: Supine or sitting on the table with knees extended

Examiner Position: Standing in front of the patient’s feet
One hand grasping the first MT head
The other hand grasping the second MT head

Forces Applied: Stabilize one of the MT heads while moving the other in
opposite, plantar and dorsal direction
Repeat procedure by moving to the lateral MT heads until all four intermetatarsal joints have been evaluated

36
Q

Inter-metatarsal glide

Positive

A

Positive Test: Pain or increased glide compared with opposite extremity

37
Q

Toe collateral stress test (vagus/varus test)

Condition

A

MCL/LCL sprains, avulsion fracture, and adhesions of the IP, DIP, PIP joints

38
Q

Toe collateral stress test

Positions

A

Patient Position: The patient can be supine or seated with the feet off the edge of the table.

Examiner Position: One hand is stabilizing the proximal bone close to the joint being tested. The other hand is grasping the bone distal to the joint being tested near the middle of its shaft

Forces Applied: Valgus testing is moving the distal bone laterally to open up the joint on the medial side.
Varus testing is moving the distal bone medially to open up the joint on the lateral side.

39
Q

Toe collateral stress test

Positive

A

Positive Test: Pain

Increased laxity when compared bilaterally

40
Q

Inversion stress test (Talar tilt)

Conditions

A

Calcaneofibular ligament, anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments, subtalar joint instability

41
Q

Inverse stress test

Positions

A

Patient Position: supine or sitting with legs over the edge of a table.

Examiner Position: In front of the patient, one hand grasps the calcaneus and talus, the opposite hand stabilizes the leg 10 degree of dorsiflexion. the thumb or forefinger is place along the calcaneofibular ligament so that any gapping of the talus away from the mortise can be felt.

Forces Applied: the hand holding the calcaneus provides an inversion stress

42
Q

Inversion stress test

Positive

A

Positive Test: The talus tilts or gaps excessively (i.e., greater than 10 degrees) compared with the uninjured side, and/or pain is produce.

43
Q

Squeeze test

Conditions

A

fibular/tibial fractures or syndesmosis sprains

44
Q

Squeeze test

Positions

A

Patient Position: Lying supine with knee extended

Examiner Position: Standing next to, or in front of the injured leg, with hands cupped behind tibia and fibula away from the site of pain

Forces Applied: Gently squeeze (compress) the tibia and fibula, gradually adding more pressure if no pain or other symptoms are elicited. Progress toward the injured site until pain is elicited

45
Q

Squeeze test

Positive

A

Positive Test: Pain is elicited, especially when it is away from the compressed area

46
Q

Homan’s test

Conditions

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

47
Q

Homan’s test

Positions

A

Patient Position: Supine laying on a table with knee fully extended

Examiner Position: Examiner is at end of table, stabilization hand is on distal portion of tibia and fibula and examining hand is on plantar portion of foot being tested

Forces Applied: Foot is passively dorsiflexed by the examiner on the side being tested with the knee fully extended

48
Q

Homan’s test

Positive

A

Positive Test: Pain in the calf that brought upon passive stretch of the foot into a dorsiflexed position is a positive sign for thrombophlebitis

Diagnosis Of Lower Extremity (2 decks)

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