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special senses > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Smell is also called

A

Olfactory

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2
Q

How many olfactory neurons are located in the olfactory epithelium

A

10 million

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3
Q

The olfactory pathway terminates in the olfactory cortex of the frontal or

A

Temporal lobe

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4
Q

The projections on the surface of the tongue are called

A

Papilla

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5
Q

Name sensory cells that are continuously replaced

A

Taste cells
Olfactory cells

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6
Q

What’s the normal life span of taste cells

A

10 days

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7
Q

What nerves transmit taste sensation

A

CN X vagus
CN IX glossopharyneal
CN VII Facial

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8
Q

The limbic and hypothalamus are considered…..

A

Secondary olfactory areas

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9
Q

Four major types of papillae

A

Filiform
Val late
Foliage
Fungiform

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10
Q

Most numerous papillae on the tongue but has no taste buds
Provides rough surface on the tongue allowing for manipulation of food

A

Filiform

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11
Q

Which cell in a taste bud is a sensory cell

A

Gustatory cells

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12
Q

Non sensory cells

A

Basal and supporting cells

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13
Q

Accessory eye structures

A

Conjunctiva
Lacrimal apparatus

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14
Q

Which nerve carries taste sensation from the epiglottis

A

CN X vagus nerve

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15
Q

Taste sensations are carried by three cranial nerves

A

Facial nerve CN VII
Glossopharynegeal nerve CN IX
Vagus nerve CN X

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16
Q

The central olfactory cortex areas are located in the

A

Temporal and frontal lobes

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17
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucus membrane protecting inner surface of eyelid and anterior surface of sclera

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18
Q

Lacrimal apparatus

A

Protect and lubricates the eyes through tears

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19
Q

Middle layer of eyeball wall

A

Vascular tunic

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20
Q

Palpebrae aka

A

Eyelids

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21
Q

Outer layer of the eyeball is

A

Fibrous tunic

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22
Q

White outer layer that protects internal eye structures, maintain eye shape, and provide attachment point for the extrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Sclera

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23
Q

Eyeball tunic layer order inner to outer

A

Nervous tunic
Vascular tunic
Fibrous tunic

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24
Q

Fibrous tunic

A

Sclera and cornea

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25
Q

Vascular tunic

A

Choroid and ciliary body

26
Q

Nervous tunic

A

Retina

27
Q

Which eye structure control pupil size

A

Iris

28
Q

Avascular transparent structure that refracts light as it enters the eye

A

Cornea

29
Q

Retina receptor cells

A

Cones and rods

30
Q

Portion of retina with the greatest visual acuity is called

A

Fovea centralis

31
Q

Optic disc doesn’t contain photoreceptors and doesn’t respond to light

A

Blind spot

32
Q

Increased intraocular pressure

A

Glaucoma

33
Q

Nerve and blood cells enter and exit the retina at the

A

Optic disc

34
Q

Jelly like substance found in the vitreous chamber of the eye

A

Vitreous humor

35
Q

Transparent biconcave eye structure

A

Lens

36
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Between cornea and iris

37
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Between iris and lens

38
Q

Vitreous chamber

A

Mostly surrounded by the retina

39
Q

Bending of light

A

Refraction

40
Q

Lens structure

A

Transparent and biconvex

41
Q

Near vision lens are

A

Rounded

42
Q

Distant vision lens are

A

Flattened

43
Q

At focal point

A

No image forms

44
Q

Ability to focus an image on the retina so that it’s clear

A

Visual acuity

45
Q

What is focal point

A

The point where light rays cross after passing through a concave lens

46
Q

Outermost cells of neural layer of the retina are

A

Ganglion cells

47
Q

In distant vision the lens is

A

Flatter than in near vision

48
Q

Action potential passage towards optic nerve

A

Photoreceptor
Bipolar cell
Ganglion cell

49
Q

Photoreceptor cells responsible for color vision and visual acuity

A

Cone cells

50
Q

Relaxed ciliary muscles lens are

A

More flat

51
Q

Occipital lobe is the location of the

A

Visual cortex

52
Q

Inner ear structures

A

Semicircular canals
Vestibule
Cochlea

53
Q

Separate external ear from middle ear

A

Tympanic membrane

54
Q

External ear structure

A

External auditory canal
Auricle

55
Q

During light conditions, rod function

A

Decreases

56
Q

Neuronal pathways for hearing

A

Cochlear ganglion
Medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
Cochlear nucleus in medulla oblongata

57
Q

Cochlear duct

A

Between vestibular membranes and basilar membrane

58
Q

Scala tympani

A

Below the spiral lamina and basilar membrane

59
Q

Scala vestibuli

A

Above the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane

60
Q

Neuronal pathway from cochlear nerve to cerebral cortex

A

Cochlear ganglion
Cochlear nucleus in medulla oblongata
Inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
Auditory cortex of the temporal lobe

61
Q

Neuronal pathway for balance

A

Vestibular nucleus
Thalamus
Vestibulocochlear nerve

special senses (1 decks)

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