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RESP 2630 Pediatrics and Neonatology > Special Procedures and Non-Conventional Ventilatory Techniques > Flashcards

Special Procedures and Non-Conventional Ventilatory Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Which cells secrete surfactant

A

Type II

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2
Q

True or False: Phospholipids are an integral part of surfactant

A

True

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3
Q

Which of the surface proteins (A,B,C or D) in surfactant support the physiologic activity of surfactant?

A

B and C

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4
Q

Death is usually the result (unless a lung transplant can take place) if which of the surface proteins is low or deficient?

A

B

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5
Q

Which type of surfactant lacks proteins? Synthetic or natural?

A

synthetic

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6
Q

What is the dose of Infasurf

A

3 mL/kg

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7
Q

What is the dose for Survanta

A

4 mL/kg

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8
Q

What is the dose for Curosurf

A

2.5 mL/kg

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9
Q

What is the dose for Surfaxin?

A

5.8 mL/kg

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10
Q

If we decide to deliver surfactant to a neonate who has developed RDS, is this prophylactic or rescue treatment?

A

Rescue

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11
Q

Delivering surfactant to an infant at high risk of developing RDS would be considered: (prophylactic or rescue)

A

prophylactic

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12
Q

How is surfactant delivered?

A

directly - through the ET tube

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13
Q

True or False: surfactant therapy has been shown to reduce the risk of developing BPD

A

True

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14
Q

What ventilator parameters should you expect to decrease after surfactant administration?

A

Vt, Pressures, FiO2

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15
Q

Is bradycardia in an infant a sign of improvement or decline?

A

decline

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16
Q

What are the hazards of High-Frequency Ventilation?

A

gas trapping, hyperinflation, secretions obstructing airway, hypotension, and necrotizing tracheobronchitis

17
Q

When assessing adequate ventilation, what does the clinical look for in the chest assessment of a neonate on high-frequency ventilation?

A

chest wall vibration (wiggle)

18
Q

Ventilating the patient as low pressures is a benefit of high-frequency ventilation. This reduces the risk of

A

barotrauma

19
Q

True or False: HFOV produces both a positive and a negative stroke

A

True

20
Q

High-Frequency Ventilation (HFV) delivers respiratory rates that are great than

A

150 per minute

21
Q

iNO must be delivered in conjunction with

A

Oxygen

22
Q

Which type of HFV delivers the highest rates?

A

HFOV, High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation

23
Q

What are the hazards of iNO

A

increased levels of nitrogen dioxide, and methemoglobinemia

24
Q

Titrating and withdrawal of iNO should be done (quickly or slowly)

A

slowly

25
Q

ECLS (extracorporeal life support) is initiated in infants at ______% chance mortality or greater.

A

80

26
Q

What is the mixture of helium and oxygen called?

A

heliox

27
Q

Which ECLS route supports cardiac output?

A

venoarterial

28
Q

What is the purpose fo the patient bridge in the ECLS circuit?

A

to maintain patency of circuit when patient is not connected

29
Q

What are the hazards/complications of ECLS

A

bleeding, hypotension or hypertension, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, infeciton risk

30
Q

Is partial liquid ventilation compatible with surfactant?

A

yes

31
Q

What are the benefits of negative pressure ventilation?

A

little risk of barotrauma, little risk of complications associated with invasive positive pressure ventilation, and the cardiac system is not compromised like it is with positive pressure ventilation.

32
Q

True or False: There is a decreased risk of pneumothorax with HFV than with traditional ventilator modes and parameters

A

True

33
Q

Which type of HFV, according to our text, is used in tandem with a conventional ventilator?

A

High Frequency Jet Ventilation (HFJV)

34
Q

What is the name of the chemical used for partial liquid ventilation therapy?

A

perfluorochemicals (PFCs)

RESP 2630 Pediatrics and Neonatology (1 decks)

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