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IP4 > Special Populations > Flashcards

Special Populations Flashcards

1
Q

hinkmilk is…

A

higher fat content

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2
Q

Na Dec H2O normal

A

serum Na <135

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3
Q

Wet AMD treatment

A

intravital VEGF inhibitors

  • bevacizumab
  • ranibizumab
  • aflibrcept

nutrition

-AREDS2

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4
Q

colostrum provides

A

antibodies

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5
Q

plaque psoriasis tx

A

topical corticosteroids

vitamin D analogues –calcipotreience

mtx–severe

cyslosporine–severe

phototherapy

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6
Q

weak acids in breast milk

A

more ionized at plasma pH so transfer into milk not favored

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7
Q

Antenatal Steroids MOA

A

mature fetal lungs

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8
Q

Safe antibiotics in pregnancy 7

A

Cephalosporin Carbapenem Clindamycin Macrolides Nitrofurantoin Metronidazole Vancomycin

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9
Q

caloric requirements

A

20-30 kcal/kg/day

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10
Q

Rivaroxaban geriatric

A

serious blleds

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11
Q

Pregnancy N/V treatment

A

Doxylamine Bendaryl Dramamine Hydroxyzine Diclegis-doxylamine + pyridoxine Bonjesta–Doxylamine + pyridoxine

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12
Q

SNRI geriatric

A

BEERs fall risk

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13
Q

Comedonal acne tx

A

topical retinoid or BPO –adapalene –tazorac –tretinoin

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14
Q

Na normal H2O decreased

A

serum Na >145

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15
Q

oral retinoids for acne

A

resevered for severe accutane

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16
Q

geriatric BP treatment 1st line 6

A

Thiazide diuretics ACE/ARB CCB nDHP CCB DHP Loop diuretics K sparing diuretics

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17
Q

ASD treatment

A

Behavioral 1st line –applied behavioral analysis

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18
Q

topical retinoids MOA

A

normalizes follicular hyperkeratosis

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19
Q

Na decreased H2O increased

A

serum Na <135

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20
Q

digoxin geriatric

A

if afib or hfref max dose 0.125 mg/day

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21
Q

Rosacea tratment

A

metronidazole

sodium sulfacetamide

oxymetazoline

tetracyclines

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22
Q

clinical pearl of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone with PROM

A

if PROM do not use vaginal suppository

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23
Q

Geriatric elimination changes 1

A

reduced renal fxn

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24
Q

TPN in COPD

A

reduce CHO and replace calories with fat

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25
Q

Intracellular water makes up what % of total body water

A

67

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26
Q

Iron overdose classification

A

non-toxic <20 mg/kg mod toxic 20-60 mgk/g severely >60

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27
Q

Atopic dermatitis tx

A

eleimate factor hydrate skin treat inflammation –top CS –top calcineurin inhibitor —tacrolimus

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28
Q

Glaucoma agent that increases uveosclerarl outflow of aqueous humor

A

prostaglandin analogues cholinergic agonist

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29
Q

Glaucoma agent that decrease production of aqueous humor

A

BB Alpha-2 agonist Carbonic anhydrase inhib

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30
Q

papular/pustular acne tx

A

topical retinoid + BPO BPO/AB

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31
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

dorzolamide brinzolamide

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32
Q

which drugs decrease breast milk

A

MAOi Parkinson’s meds estrogens

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33
Q

Geriatric glimepiride

A

BEERs hypoglycemia

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34
Q

Repetitive behavior ASD

A

Antidepressants

–fluoxetine

–clomipramine

Antipsychoticcs

–aripiprazole

–risperidone

–haloperidol

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35
Q

refeeding characteristics 4

A

dec. PO4 dec. K dec. CO2 inc. glucose

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36
Q

Geriactric distribution changes 3

A

inc body fat dec muscle dec total body water

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37
Q

weak base in breast milk

A

less ionized at plasma pH so readily diffuse into more acidic milk and become ionized and trapped

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38
Q

ASA geriatric

A

caution if >70

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39
Q

Bactrim geriatric

A

w/ ACEi/ARB in dec. CrCl

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40
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

erythromycin ointment trimethoprim-polymixin B

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41
Q

Na increased H2O decreased

A

serum Na >145

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42
Q

prevention of preterm labor

A

17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone

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43
Q

Tetracyclines in pregnancy

A

do not use in 2nd and 3rd trimester causes bones and teethe problems

44
Q

ILE cal/gram

A

IV lipid emulsion 10

45
Q

poison ivy tx

A

mild-mod –topical corticosteroid severe –systemic corticosteroid for 2-3 weeks

46
Q

Sleep disturbances ASD

A

metatonin

47
Q

ASA good or bad in pregnancy

A

good

48
Q

Antibiotics contraindicated in pregnancy

A

tetracyclines Bactrim–3rd trimester

49
Q

selective BB for glaucoma

A

betaxolol

50
Q

Geriatric Warfarin + cipro/macrolide/bactrim

A

inc. bleed

51
Q

fluid requirements

A

30-40 mL/kg/day

52
Q

Geriatric metabolism changes 1

A

impaired phase 1 rxn

53
Q

which glaucoma agent to caution with sulfa allergy

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

54
Q

poison control number

A

18002221222

55
Q

pilocarpine pearl

A

pat with darker eyes need higher doses irreversible binder

56
Q

Nutreint dense TPN osmolality, indication

A

hypertonic fluid restriction

57
Q

Na normal H2O increased

A

serum Na <135

58
Q

Preeclampsia treatment

A

mg to prevent seizure BP >160/110 iv labetalol and hydralazine IV

59
Q

foremilk is…

A

less dense

60
Q

geriatric DM A1C goal, BG levels, BP

A

healthy

– <7.5

–PPG 90-130

–HS glucose 90-150

–140/90

Intermediate health

–<8

–PPG 90-150

–HS glucose 100-180

–140/90

poor health

–<8.5

–PPG 100-180

–HS glucose 110-200

–150/90

61
Q

preterm delivery date

A

prior to 37 weeks GA

62
Q

APAP toxicity tx

A

activated charcoal if w/in 4 hrs NAC w/in 10 hrs

63
Q

DOC for HTN in pregnancy 5

A

Nifedipine labetalol clonidine methyldopa hydralazine

64
Q

Cholinergic agonists glaucoma

A

pilocarpine carbachol

65
Q

fiber enteral TPN indication

A

facilitate normal bowel function

66
Q

Pediculosis tx

A

permethrin

67
Q

geriatric phenytoin + Bactrim/thophylline/cipro

A

inc. risk of toxicity

68
Q

Dry AMD treatment

A

no cure nutrition: inc. vit C, E, zinc

69
Q

elemental-semi-elemental TPN osmolality, indicaiton

A

isotonic to hyperosmolar impaired GI digestion

70
Q

brimonidine place in therapy

A

1st line open angle

71
Q

alpha 2 agonists

A

Apraclonidine brimonidine

72
Q

ccb geriatric

A

avoid if hfref

73
Q

protein cal/gram

A

4

74
Q

progesterone and pregnancy

A

progesterone needed for uterus to grow if levels fall onset of labor

75
Q

Na increased H2O normal

A

serum Na >145

76
Q

short term TPN

A

nasogastric nasoduodenal nasojejuanl

77
Q

Extracellular water makes up what % of total body water

A

interstital fluid 25% plasma 8%

78
Q

acute ingestion of APAP

A

adults 7.5-10 grams children >140-150mg/kg

79
Q

Scabies tx

A

1st line–permethrin 5% cr 2nd line–PO ivermectin

80
Q

Analgesia in pregnancy treatment

A

APAP Opioids

81
Q

Lactation meds concern

A

HD narcotic phenobarb BB Iodine lithium

82
Q

Dextrose cal/gram

A

3.4

83
Q

A1 blocker geriatric

A

avoid as antiHTN orthostatic hypotension

84
Q

Contact dermatitis treatment

A

remove offending agent topical corticosteroid

85
Q

Anorexia treatment

A

behavioral 1st line –family based treatment Antipsychotics –olanzapine –quetiapine

86
Q

Tocolytics indication

A

stop or decrease intensity of uterine contractions

87
Q

tocolytic contraindication 6

A

preeclampsia placental abruption uterine bleeding chorioamnionitis fetal anomaly incompatible with life fetal growth restriction

88
Q

ADHD in ASD

A

methylphenidate

89
Q

which drugs increase breast milk

A

metoclopramide

90
Q

Warfarin in pregnancy

A

bones,CNS worst in 1st trimester

91
Q

Geriatric absorption changes 3

A

dec GI acid slower GI motility delayed emptying

92
Q

Isotonic eneral formulation indication

A

normal digestion an no renal/hepatic dysfunction

93
Q

geriatric statin

A

> 75 LDL 70-189 —moderate intensity >75 function decline —stop statin 76-80 LDL 70-189 —measure cAC avoid statin if CAC 0

94
Q

Tocolytic MOA

A

regulate myosin light-chain kinase to block calcium to inhibit actin myosin interactions

95
Q

drugs that cause dry eyes

A

antidepressants –paxil, sertraline, tca HTN –diuretics –BB H2RA –ranitidine oral contraceptives decongestants

96
Q

chronic APAP ingesiton

A

adults >4 grams/day children >90 mg/kg/day

97
Q

Na decreased H2O decreased

A

serum Na anything

98
Q

Na increased H2O increased

A

anything

99
Q

Digoxin good or bad in pregnancy

A

good

100
Q

con of antipsych in anorexia

A

malnourishment strains heart and can inc. risk of QTc prolongation

101
Q

Levobunolol place in therapy

A

reduce IOP after cataract surgery

102
Q

Irritability in ASD

A

antipsychotics –aripiprazole –risperidone

103
Q

Prostaglandin analogues

A

Latanoprost Bimatoprost both 1st line open angle

104
Q

Nitrofurantoin geriatric

A

avoid if crCl <30 toxicities

105
Q

which electrolytes can cause cracking in ILE

A

mg and Ca

106
Q

DM treatment geriatric

A

metformin

107
Q

Bulemia treatment

A

behavioral 1st line –CBT Fluoxetine –high dose needed 60-80

IP4 (4 decks)

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