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My P1 Drug Cards > Special Pops Drugs > Flashcards

Special Pops Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Class

A

Steroid

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2
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Actions

A

decreases cerebral edema

anti-inflammatory

suppresses immune response (especially in allergic reactions)

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3
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Indications

A

Anaphylaxis (after epinephrine and diphenhydramine)

Asthma

COPD

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4
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Contraindications

A

None in an emergency setting

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5
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Precautions / SE

A

Prec: protect from heat / onset of action may be 2-6hrs thus should not be of use in critical first hour following anaphylaxis

SE: GI bleeding / prolonged wound healing

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6
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol) Dose

A

Adult: 4-24mg IV/IM

Peds: 0.2 - 0.5 mg/kg IV/IM

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7
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Class

A

Sedative / Hypnotic

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8
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Action

A

ultra short acting sedative/hypnotic effect

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9
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Indication

A

Induction for RSI

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10
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity

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11
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Precautions / SE

A 
Prec:
marked hypotension
severe asthma
severe cardiovascular disease
adrenal suppression

SE: myoclonic skeletal muscle movement / apnea / laryngospasm

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12
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) Dose

A

Adult: 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg IV over 15-30secs

Ped: >10yrs = same as adult
<10yrs = not indicated

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13
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Class

A

Sedative / Hypnotic / Analgesic

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14
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Action

A

causes dissociative state

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15
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Indication

A

Induction for RSI

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16
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Contraindications

A

significantly elevated BP

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17
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Precautions / SE

A

Prec: hallucinations / emergency airway and resuscitative equipment/meds must be available

SE: hallucinations / increased skeletal muscle tone

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18
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar) Dose

A

Adult: 1-4.5 mg/kg IV / 3-8 mg/kg IM

Peds: 0.5-3 mg/kg IV/IM

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19
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Class

A

Benzodiazepine / Tranquilizer

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20
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Actions

A

Hypnotic / Sedative

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21
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Indications

A

Premedication for cardioversion

Acute anxiety states

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22
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Contraindications

A

narrow angle glaucoma

shock

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23
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Precautions / SE

A

Prec: emergency resucitative equipment must be available
Flumazenil (romazicon) should be available
Dilute with NS or D5W prior to IV admin
Respiratory depression very common

SE: drowsiness / hypotension / amnesia / respiratory depression / apnea

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24
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Dose

A

Adult: 1-2.5 mg IV / 1-5mg IM

Peds: 0.03 mg/kg

Can also be given PO/IN

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25
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Class

A

Hormone

26
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Actions

A

causes uterine contraction

causes lactation

slows postpartum vaginal bleeding

27
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Indication

A

postpartum vaginal bleeding

28
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Contraindications

A

any condition other than postpartum bleeding

Cesarean section

29
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Precautions / SE

A

Prec: ensure placenta has delivered and there is not another fetus before giving / OD can cause uterine rupture / hypertension

SE: anaphylaxis / cardiac arrhythmias

30
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Dose

A

IV 10-20units in 500mL of D5W administered according to uterine response

3-10units IM

31
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Class

A

sympathomimetic

32
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Actions

A

bronchodilator / increases heart rate

33
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Indications

A

bronchial asthma / reversible bronchospasm associated with COPD / preterm labor

34
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

35
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Precautions / SE

A

Prec: BP, HR and ECG must be constantly monitored

SE: palpitations / tachycardia / PVCs / anxiety / tremors / headache

36
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) Dose

A

MDI: 2 inhalations, 1min apart
SubQ: 0.25mg, may repeat in 15-30min
Pedi: 0.01mg/kg SubQ

37
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Class

A

Cholinesterase reactivator

38
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Actions

A

Reactivates cholinesterase in cases of organophosphate poisoning

Deactivates certain organophosphates by direct chemical reaction

39
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Indications

A

Severe organophosphate poisoning characterized by muscle twitching, respiratory depression, and paralysis

40
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Contraindications

A

poisoning due to inorganic phosphates

poisoning other htan organophosphates

41
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Precautions / Side Effects

A

Prec: laryngospasm, tachycardia, muscle rigidity, should only follow atrpinization

SE: excitement, manic behavior

42
Q

Pralidoximine (Protopam) Dose

A

Adult: 1-2g in 250-500mL of NS over 30min
Ped: 20-40mg/kg in 250-500mL of NS over 30min

43
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Class

A

Narcotic

44
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Action

A

central nervous system depressant

decreases sensitivity to pain

45
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Indications

A

severe pain

46
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Contraindications

A

shock
severe hemorrhage
hypersensitivity

47
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Precautions / Side Effects

A

Prec: respiratory depression / hypotension / nausea

SE: dizziness / AMS / bradycardia

48
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Dose

A

Adult: 1-4mg/IV, IO, PO
Pedi: 0.015 mg/kg/IV

49
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Class

A

Sympathomimetic

50
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Action

A

bronchodilation / increase HR / increased cardiac contractile force

51
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Indications

A

Croup (laryngotacheobronchitis)

52
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Contraindications

A

Epiglottitis / hypersensitivity

53
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Precautions / Side Effects

A

Prec: monitor vitals / use only once in prehospital setting

SE: palpitations / anxiety / headache

54
Q

Racemic Epinephrine Dose

A

0.25-0.75mL of a 2.25% solution in 2mL normal saline / by nebulizer

55
Q

Mannitol Class

A

osmotic diuretic

56
Q

Mannitol Actions

A

decreases cellular edema

increases urinary output

57
Q

Mannitol Indications

A

acute cerebral edema

blood transfusion reactions

58
Q

Mannitol Contraindications

A

pulmonary edema / dehydration / hypersensitivity

59
Q

Mannitol Precautions / Side Effects

A

Prec: rapid administration can cause circulatory overload / crystallization occurs at lower temperatures / in-line filter should be used

SE: pulmonary congestion / sodium depletion / transient volume overload

60
Q

Mannitol Dose

A

Adult: 1.5-2.0g/kg/IV slow bolus or infusion
Peds: 0.25-0.5g/kg IV over 60min

My P1 Drug Cards (3 decks)

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