Special Orthopedic Tests : Thoracic / Lumbar Spine

Question 1

Forward Flexion / Hump / Adam’s / Structural vs Functional Scoliosis Test

Answer 1

Process :
1. Examiner stands behind client & palpates both PSIS’s
2. Client actively flexes spine
3. Examiner observes ribs
+ve Sign : Note any change in rib hump
+ve Indicates :
Rib hump unchanged = structural scoliosis
Rib hump disappears = functional scoliosis

Question 2

Quadrant (Extension Quadrant) Test

Answer 2

Process :
1. Examiner stands behind client
2. Client extends, rotates & laterally flexes spine
3. Examiner applies overpressure in extension
+ve Sign : Local sharp, stabbing pain on test side
+ve Indicates : Facet joint irritation / restriction
“Lower kemp’s”