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PTRS 746 Musculoskeletal > Special Fracture > Flashcards

Special Fracture Flashcards

1
Q

Mallet Finger

A
  • Avulsion fracture of DIP, damage to extensor connective tissue
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2
Q

Mallet Finger MOI

A
  • forced flexion of extended finger
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3
Q

Mallet Finger Treatment

A
  • Finger extension brace for 6 weeks
  • AROM exercises when brace is removed
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4
Q

Boxer’s Fracture

A
  • Fracture of 4th or 5th metacarpal
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5
Q

Boxer’s Fracture MOI

A
  • Hitting something with a closed fist
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6
Q

Boxer’s Fracture Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction and casting
  • ORIF if significant displacement
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7
Q

Scaphoid Fracture

A
  • Fracture of scaphoid bone
  • Prone to AVN and non-union
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8
Q

Scaphoid Fracture MOI

A
  • Falling onto an outstretched hand (wrist ext w/ RD)
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9
Q

Scaphoid Fracture Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction and casting
  • ORIF and bone graft if blood supply is limited
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10
Q

Perilunate Fracture/Dislocation

A
  • Fracture or dislocation occurs at or around the lunate carpal bone
  • Often missed or misdiagnosed
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11
Q

Perilunate Fracture/Dislocation MOI

A
  • high energy impact injury (usually young adults)
  • Injury often occurs during hyperextension and ulnar deviation
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12
Q

Perilunate Fracture/Dislocation Treatment

A
  • Immediate ORIF
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13
Q

Bennett’s Fracture

A
  • fracture or dislocation of 1st metacarpal
  • Can be very functionally limiting
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14
Q

Bennett’s Fracture MOI

A

Axial loading through a partially flexed thumb

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15
Q

Bennett’s Fracture Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction and use of thumb splint
  • ORIF if significant displacement
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16
Q

Colles’ Fracture (dinner fork deformity)

A
  • Transverse fracture of distal radius
  • Results in dorsal and lateral displacement
  • Common in post-menopausal women or osteoporosis
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17
Q

Colles’ Fracture MOI

A
  • Fall onto outstretched hand (wrist ext w/ compression)
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18
Q

Colles’ Fracture Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction and casting
  • ORIF if comminuted
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19
Q

Smith’s Fracture

A
  • Fracture of distal radius
  • Results in palmar and medial displacement
  • Common in young men
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20
Q

Smith’s Fracture MOI

A
  • Fall onto flexed and pronated wrist
  • Blow to back of the hand
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21
Q

Smith’s Fracture Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction and casting
  • ORIF if comminuted
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22
Q

Monteggia Fracture

A
  • Fracture of proximal-middle 1/3 of ulna
  • Often occurs with radial head dislocation (often overlooked)
23
Q

Monteggia Fracture MOI

A
  • fall onto outstretched hand
  • High energy trauma like MVA
24
Q

Monteggia Fracture Treatment

A
  • ORIF w/ rigid immobilization
25
Q

Galeazzi Fracture

A
  • Fracture of the distal 1/3 of radius
  • Often accompanied with radioulnar joint disruption (dislocation)
26
Q

Galeazzi Fracture MOI

A
  • fall onto outstretched hand
  • direct blow (MVA)
27
Q

Galeazzi Fracture Treatment

A
  • ORIF w/ rigid immobilization
28
Q

Radial Head Fracture

A
  • Valgus force to elbow causes impaction of radial head on capitulum of humerus
29
Q

Radial Head Fracture MOI

A
  • Axial loading through a pronated and partially flexed/outstretched arm
30
Q

Radial Head Fracture Treatment

A
  • ORIF
31
Q

Humeral Fractures

A
  • Occur proximally (older), diaphysis (younger), or distally (children)
32
Q

Humeral Fractures MOI

A
  • fall onto outstretched arm or elbow
  • direct blow
33
Q

Humeral Fractures Treatment

A
  • Closed reduction w/ immobilization
  • ORIF (less common)
34
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A
  • Occurs in children
  • Periosteal sleeve remains intact
35
Q

Greenstick Fracture MOI (3)

A
  • Bending force
  • Falls
  • Direct blow
36
Q

Greenstick Fracture Treatment

A
  • Casting
37
Q

Clavicle Fracture

A
  • Fracture to middle 1/3 of clavicle
38
Q

Clavicle Fracture MOI (2)

A
  • Fall
  • Direct blow to shoulder
39
Q

Clavicle Fracture Treatment

A
  • Figure 8 splint
  • ORIF if significantly displaced
40
Q

Femoral Shaft Fractures

A
  • Often related to osteoporosis, cancer, and TKA
  • Usually causes a lot of soft tissue injury
41
Q

Femoral Shaft Fractures MOI

A
  • High energy impact (MVA, sports)
42
Q

Femoral Shaft Fractures Treatment

A
  • IM rods
  • ORIF
  • External fixation
43
Q

Tibial Plateau Fractures

A
  • Fracture to tibial plateau
  • Often occurs with meniscus and ligament damage
44
Q

Tibial Plateau Fractures MOI

A
  • Valgus force during axial loading to outside of knee fractures medial side of tibial plateau
45
Q

Tibial Plateau Fractures Treatment

A
  • Functional brace
  • ORIF if displaced more than 5mm
46
Q

Tibial Shaft Fractures

A
  • Most commonly fracture long bone
  • Often comminuted
47
Q

Tibial Shaft Fractures MOI

A
  • High energy trauma
48
Q

Tibial Shaft Fractures Treatment

A
  • IM rod
  • ORIF
  • External fixation
49
Q

Talus Fracture

A
  • Fracture of talus bone, considered intra-articular
  • Prone to AVN and non-union
50
Q

Talus Fracture MOI

A
  • Fall from height or trauma
51
Q

Talus Fracture Treatment

A
  • ORIF and immobilization
52
Q

Calcaneal Fracture MOI

A
  • Falling from a height
53
Q

Calcaneal Fracture Treatment

A
  • Strict immobilization and elevation
  • WBing restrictions
  • Possible ORIF

PTRS 746 Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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