Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INTERNAL MEDICINE > SPECIAL CHAPTER: BIOTERRORISM > Flashcards

SPECIAL CHAPTER: BIOTERRORISM Flashcards

1
Q

involves the release of toxic biological agents

A

bioterrorism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

intentional release of viruses, bacteria or fungi that can sicken or kill people

A

biological attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

characteristics of bioterrorism

A

more insidious
more potential casualties
harder to detect and trace to origin
easier to disperse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

characteristic of chemical terrorism

A

agents are readily available
limited success
treatment options is limited and must be administered in the field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

characteristic of nuclear terrorism

A

easy to detect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

key features of biologic agents used as bioweapons

A 
high morbidity and mortality rates
potential for person to person spread
low infective dose
highly infectious by aerosol
lack of rapid diagnostic capability
lack of universally available effective vaccine
potential to cause anxiety
availability of pathogen and feasibility of production
environmental stability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

examples of category A CDC agents

A 
anthrax-bacillus anthracis
botulism- clostridium botulinum toxin
plague-yersnia pestis
small pox- variola major
tularemia-francisella tularensis
viral hemorrhagic fever
arenaviruses
bunyaviridae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

examples of category B CDC agents

A 
brucellosis
epsilon toxin of clostridium perfringes
food safety threats such as ecoli salmonella and shigella
glanders
meliodosis
pssitaciosis
q fever
ricin toxin
staph enterotoxin
typhus fever
viral encephalitis
water safety threats such as vibrio cholerae and cryptosporidium parvum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

examples of CDC category C agents

A

emerging infectious diseases threats such as Nipah, hantavirus, SARS or MERS coronavirus and pandemic influenza, COVID 19 virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

anthrax is caused by?

A

bacillus anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bacillus anthracis is what type of bacteria

A 
gram positive
non motile
spore forming
found in soil
causes disease in herbivores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

incubation period of B. anthracis

A

2 to 43 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

death occurred in what day

A

1-4 days following the onset of symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 4 forms of bacillus anthracis

A

gastrointestinal
cutaneous
inhalational
injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 4 forms of bacillus anthracis

A

gastrointestinal
cutaneous
inhalational
injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

clinical syndrome of bacillus anthracis

A

cutaneous lesions: papule to eschar
inhalational disease: fever, malaise, chest and abdominal discomfort
pleural effusion: widened mediastinum in xray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to diagnose bacillus anthracis

A

culture
gram stain
PCR
wright stain of peripheral smear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

treatment for Bacillus anthracis post-exposure

A

ciprofloxacin 500mg PO bid for 60 days
doxycyline 100 mg PO bid for 60 days
amoxicillin 500 mg po q8H for 60 days (effective if strain is penicillin sensitive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

treatment for active disease of bacillus anthracis

A

ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV q12h or doxycyline 100 mg IV q12h plus
clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ntitoxin for treatment of anthracis bacillus

A

raxibacumab
diphenhydramine to reduce reaction
obiltoxaximab to premedicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

prophylaxis for anthrax bacillus

A

recombinant protective antigen vaccines

raxibacumab or obiltoxaximab

21
Q

causative agent of pneumonic plaque

A

yersinia pestis

22
Q

clinical syndrome of yersinia pestis

A

fever cough dyspnea and hemoptysis

infiltrates and consolidation on chest xray

23
Q

incubation period of yersinia pestis

A

1- 6 days

24
Q

diagnosis of yersinia pestis

A

culture
gram stain
direct fluorescent antibody
PCR

25
Q

treatment for yersinia pestis

A

gentamicin
streptomycin
alternatives include: docycyline and chloramphenicol

26
Q

prophylaxis of yersinia pestis

A

doxycyline and levofloxacin and formalin fixed vaccine

27
Q

causative agent of small pox

A

variola major

28
Q

clinical syndrome of small pox

A 
fever
malaise
headache
backache
emesis
maculopapular to vesicular to pustular skin lesions
29
Q

incubation period of small pox

A

7-17 days

30
Q

diagnosis of small pox

A

culture
PCR
electron microscopy

31
Q

treatment for small pox

A

supportive measures consideration for cidofovir, recovirimat, immunoglobulin

32
Q

prophylaxis for small pox

A

vaccination and immunization

33
Q

causative agent for tularemia

A

francisella tularensis

34
Q

clinical syndrome of tularemia

A 
fever
chills
malaise
chest discomfort
dyspnea
headache
skin rash
pharyngitis
conjunctivitis 
hilar adenopathy on chest xray
35
Q

incubation period for francisella tularensis

A

1-14 days

36
Q

diagnosis for tularemia

A

gram stain
culture
PCR
immunochemistry

37
Q

treatment for tularemia

A 
streptomycin
gentamicin
doxycyline
chloramphenicol
ciprofloxacin
38
Q

prophylaxis for tularemia

A

doxycycline and ciprofloxacin

39
Q

clinical syndrome for viral hemorrhagic fever

A 
fever
myalgia
rash
encephalitis
prostration
40
Q

incubation period of viral hemorrhagic syndrome

A

2-21 days

41
Q

diagnosis for viral hemorrhagic fever

A

RT-PCR serologic testing for antigen or antibody

viral isolation

42
Q

treatment for viral hemorrhagic fever

A

supportive measure for ebola: slow IV infusion

for lassa: ribavarin

43
Q

prophylaxis for viral hemorrhagic fever

A

no known chemoprophylaxis

experimental vaccines

44
Q

causative agent for botulinum toxin

A

clostridium botulinum

45
Q

clinical syndrome

A 
dry mouth 
blurred vision
ptosis
weakness
dysphagua
dizziness
respiratory failure progressive paralysis
dilated pupils
46
Q

incubation period of botulinum toxin

A

12-72 hours

47
Q

diagnosis for clostridium botulinum

A

mouse bioassay

toxin immunoassay

48
Q

treatment for clostridium botulinim

A

supportive measures HPAT

49
Q

prophylaxis for clostridium botulinum

A

administration of antitoxin

INTERNAL MEDICINE (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions