Spatial World Flashcards
To generate a rapid action a system could use:
Feedforward / Open Loop Control: A preprogrammed set of commands.
Feedback / Closed Loop Control: Rapid pick-up and processing of useful information to ensure accuracy.
Feedforward Mechanism:
Reference input–>Controller–Motor Command–>Plant–Motor/Sensory Noise–>Action Output
Define reference input
The reference input is the desired outcome or target of the motor action.
Define Controller
The controller is the decision-making mechanism that compares the reference input (desired action) with the actual state (current action) and generates the necessary signals to bring the system closer to the desired outcome.
Define Plant
The plant refers to the physical system being controlled e.g. body, car
Define Internal Model
The internal model is the brain’s or controller’s representation of the plant and the environment. It is used to predict the outcomes of motor commands and plan actions
What is Sensory Noise?
Sensory noise refers to the random variability or inaccuracies in the sensory signals received by the brain or a control system
How does the feedback (closed loop) mechanism differ from feedforward?
- The system uses sensory feedback (such as visual, auditory, or proprioceptive information) to make corrections during the execution of the action
- potentially slower
2-point control model of steering:
near road: feedback from road edges
far road: prospective (feedforward) info
what is egocentric representation and allocentric representation?
- An egocentric representation is a self-centered view of the environment, where spatial relationships are encoded relative to the individual’s current position and orientation.
- An allocentric representation is a world-centered view of the environment, where spatial relationships between objects are encoded independently of the individual’s position or orientation.
what is unilateral neglect?
a neurological condition in which a person is unable to attend to or recognize stimuli on one side of their body or space, typically the left side, following damage to one hemisphere of the brain
unilateral neglect: what parts of the brain are damaged?
usually lesions involve the supramarginal gyrus in the inferior parietal lobule, at the temporoparietal junction
what were the findings of the milan square experiment
participants could retrieve information from an allocentric representation of the square
it was the egocentric representation that was impaired
which part of the brain is used for allocentric representations?
hippocampus and parahippocampal regions
what is locomotion
monitoring current direction of motion and altering it to reach a target
